When all test results point to heart failure, what else could this patient be suffering from?

(AURORA, COLORADO) Mr. V felt tightness across his chest. His deepest breaths felt shallow. He sought help at an emergency department, where a resident physician found several worrying signs, including swelling of his hands and legs as well as heart enlargement on a chest X-ray.

Everything seemed to point to one diagnosis: heart failure, where the heart’s inability to pump blood efficiently causes fluid to build up in the body. But one result did not fit.

Originally published on theconversation.com, part of the BLOX Digital Content Exchange.