![]()
Moles vs. birthmarks: What's normal and what warrants a check
kAm|@DE A6@A=6 92G6 DA@ED @? E96:C D<:? E96JVG6 ?6G6C E9@F89E >F49 23@FE] p 4=FDE6C @7 3C@H? 5@ED @? E96 D9@F=56C[ 2 72:?E 3=F6\8C2J A2E49 @? E96 =@H6C 324<[ 2?5 2 3C:89E C65 3F>A E92E 2AA62C65 :? :?72?4J] %96D6 >2C<D 2C6 4@>>@?[ 2?5 E96 G2DE >2;@C:EJ 2C6 4@>A=6E6=J 92C>=6DD] qFE <?@H:?8 H92E 6249 @?6 :D[ 2?5 H96? :ED 2AA62C2?46 D9@F=5 AC@>AE 2 4@?G6CD2E:@? H:E9 2 5@4E@C[ :D 86?F:?6=J FD67F= :?7@C>2E:@?]k^Am
kAmq6=@H[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:Qms@4EC@?:4k^2m 6IA=2:?D H92E’D ?@C>2= 2?5 H92E ?665D 2EE6?E:@? H96? :E 4@>6D E@ >@=6D 2?5 3:CE9>2C<D]k^Am
k9bmz6J %2<62H2JDk^9bm
kF=mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6_h653hha2`7f5fb_h42ceef6ad5g_6_5Qm|@DE 25F=ED 92G6 `_ E@ c_ >@=6D[ >@DE @7 H9:49 2C6 36?:8? 2?5 DE23=6 E9C@F89@FE =:76]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6`e63d2`_6g`32ee_f2cc43bg747_``5hQmq:CE9>2C<D 72== :?E@ EH@ 42E68@C:6Di A:8>6?E65 W427é\2F\=2:E DA@ED[ |@?8@=:2? DA@EDX 2?5 G2D4F=2C W96>2?8:@>2D[ A@CE\H:?6 DE2:?DX]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6e74ad7cf75c67ah2fbdb7ge23237e_caQm%96 pqrst 4964<=:DE W2DJ>>6ECJ[ 3@C56C[ 4@=@C[ 5:2>6E6C[ 6G@=G:?8X :D E96 DE2?52C5 E@@= 7@C D6=7\6G2=F2E:?8 2 >@=6]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6f`c4b`2_bbhd7357b5cg2g2afaggbad3Qmp55:E:@?2= H2C?:?8 D:8?D :?4=F56 3=665:?8 H:E9@FE :?;FCJ[ A6CD:DE6?E :E49:?8[ 4CFDE:?8[ E96 QF8=J 5F4<=:?8Q D:8?[ 2?5 2?J ?6H >@=6 2AA62C:?8 27E6C 286 c_]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ64ggb_`6fcafhh3ah`gec5g2dea3h_f`hQm$F? AC@E64E:@?[ >@?E9=J D6=7\6I2>D[ 2?5 2??F2= 56C>2E@=@8J D4C66?:?8D W7@C 9:89\C:D< :?5:G:5F2=DX 2C6 E96 4@C6 @7 AC6G6?E:@? 2?5 62C=J 56E64E:@?]k^=:mk^F=m
k9bm(92E pC6 |@=6Dnk^9bm
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]225]@C8^AF3=:4^5:D62D6D^2\K^>@=6D\@G6CG:6HQm|@=6Dk^2m 2C6 D<:? 8C@HE9D E92E 7@C> H96? >6=2?@4JE6D[ E96 A:8>6?E\AC@5F4:?8 46==D :? J@FC D<:?[ 4=FDE6C E@86E96C C2E96C E92? DAC625 @FE 6G6?=J] %96J 2AA62C 27E6C 3:CE9[ FDF2==J 368:??:?8 E@ D9@H FA :? 49:=59@@5 2?5 4@?E:?F:?8 E@ 56G6=@A E9C@F89 23@FE 286 bd] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]225]@C8^AF3=:4^5:D62D6D^2\K^>@=6D\@G6CG:6HQm|@DE 25F=ED 92G6 D@>6H96C6 36EH66? `_ 2?5 c_ >@=6Dk^2m[ E96 >2;@C:EJ @7 H9:49 2AA62C @? D<:? E92E 86ED C68F=2C DF? 6IA@DFC6i E96 7246[ ?64<[ 2C>D[ 2?5 FAA6C 324<]k^Am
kAmx? E96:C EJA:42= 7@C>[ >@=6D 2C6 C@F?5 @C @G2=[ 6G6?=J 4@=@C65 WE2?[ 3C@H?[ @C ?62C=J 3=24<X[ 2?5 ?@ =2C86C E92? 2 A6?4:= 6C2D6C] %96J 42? 36 7=2E @C D=:89E=J C2:D65] |@DE DE2J E96 D2>6 E9C@F89@FE 2 A6CD@?VD =:76[ E9@F89 E96J >2J 8C25F2==J =:89E6? @C 364@>6 =6DD AC@>:?6?E H:E9 286]k^Am
kAmp D>2== A6C46?E286 @7 E96 A@AF=2E:@?[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^>J]4=6G6=2?54=:?:4]@C8^962=E9^5:D62D6D^acgc`\5JDA=2DE:4\?6GFD\2EJA:42=\>@=6DQmC@F89=J aT E@ gT @7 p>6C:42?D[ 92D H92E 2C6 42==65 2EJA:42= @C 5JDA=2DE:4 >@=6Dk^2m] %96D6 2C6 =2C86C E92? 2G6C286[ 92G6 :CC68F=2C 3@C56CD[ 2?5 >2J 5:DA=2J >@C6 E92? @?6 4@=@C H:E9:? E96 D2>6 DA@E] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:^3=@8^2EJA:42=\>@=6DQmw2G:?8 2EJA:42= >@=6D 5@6D?VE >62? 42?46C :D AC6D6?Ek^2m[ 3FE :E 5@6D >62? E9@D6 >@=6D H2CC2?E @?8@:?8 >@?:E@C:?8]k^Am
k9bm(92E pC6 q:CE9>2C<Dnk^9bm
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^>65=:?6A=FD]8@G^3:CE9>2C<D]9E>=Qmq:CE9>2C<Dk^2m 2C6 >2C<D AC6D6?E @? E96 D<:? 2E 3:CE9 @C 2AA62C:?8 H:E9:? E96 7:CDE 76H H66<D @7 =:76] %96J 72== :?E@ EH@ >2:? 42E68@C:6D 32D65 @? E96:C 42FD6]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m!:8>6?E65 q:CE9>2C<Dk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm!:8>6?E65 3:CE9>2C<D C6DF=E 7C@> 2? @G6C8C@HE9 @7 A:8>6?E 46==D :? 2 =@42=:K65 2C62]k^Am
kAmr27é\2F\=2:E DA@ED 2C6 7=2E[ =:89E 3C@H? A2E496D E92E 42? 2AA62C 2?JH96C6 @? E96 3@5J] %96 ?2>6 4@>6D 7C@> uC6?49 2?5 C@F89=J EC2?D=2E6D E@ Q4@7766 H:E9 >:=<[Q H9:49 56D4C:36D E96:C 4@=@C 244FC2E6=J] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?43:]?=>]?:9]8@G^3@@<D^}qzddfcha^Qm%96JVC6 4@>>@? 2?5 FDF2==J 92C>=6DD @? E96:C @H?[ E9@F89 2 =2C86 ?F>36C @7 E96> WEJA:42==J >@C6 E92? D:IX 42? D@>6E:>6D 36 2DD@4:2E65 H:E9 2 86?6E:4 4@?5:E:@? 42==65 ?6FC@7:3C@>2E@D:Dk^2m]k^Am
kAm|@?8@=:2? DA@ED[ ?@H >@C6 @7E6? 42==65 4@?86?:E2= 56C>2= >6=2?@4JE@D:D :? 4=:?:42= D6EE:?8D[ 2AA62C 2D 3=F6\8C2J A2E496D[ >@DE 4@>>@?=J @? E96 =@H6C 324< @C 3FEE@4<D] %96JVC6 >@C6 AC6G2=6?E :? A6@A=6 H:E9 52C<6C D<:? E@?6D[ 2C6 AC6D6?E 7C@> 3:CE9[ 2?5 :? >@DE 42D6D 7256 6?E:C6=J 3J 25@=6D46?46]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m'2D4F=2C q:CE9>2C<Dk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm'2D4F=2C 3:CE9>2C<D 2C6 42FD65 3J 23?@C>2= 3=@@5 G6DD6=D ?62C E96 D<:?VD DFC7246]k^Am
kAmw6>2?8:@>2D 2C6 C2:D65[ 3C:89E C65 >2C<D D@>6E:>6D 42==65 QDEC2H36CCJ 96>2?8:@>2DQ 3642FD6 @7 E96:C 2AA62C2?46] %96JVC6 ?@E EJA:42==J AC6D6?E 2E 3:CE9 3FE FDF2==J 2AA62C H:E9:? E96 7:CDE 76H H66<D @7 =:76 2?5 8C@H C2A:5=J 367@C6 D=@H:?8 5@H?] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]225]@C8^AF3=:4^5:D62D6D^2\K^3:CE9>2C<D\DJ>AE@>DQm|@DE 96>2?8:@>2D D9C:?< @? E96:C @H? 2?5 2C6 8@?6 3J 286D f E@ `_ H:E9@FE 2?J EC62E>6?Ek^2m]k^Am
kAm!@CE\H:?6 DE2:?D 2C6 7=2E 3:CE9>2C<D E92E C2?86 :? 4@=@C 7C@> A2=6 A:?< E@ 566A C65 @C 6G6? AFCA=6] &?=:<6 96>2?8:@>2D[ E96J 2C6 A6C>2?6?E 2?5 E6?5 E@ 52C<6? 2?5 E9:4<6? @G6C E:>6] %96J 2AA62C >@DE @7E6? @? E96 7246 2?5 ?64<[ 2?5 D@>6 :?5:G:5F2=D 49@@D6 E@ EC62E E96> H:E9 =2D6C E96C2AJ 7@C 4@D>6E:4 C62D@?D @C 3642FD6 @7 2DD@4:2E65 962=E9 4@?46C?D]k^Am
k9bmpqrsti %96 |@=6 tG2=F2E:@? r964<=:DEk^9bm
kAms6C>2E@=@8:DED FD6 E96 pqrst 4964<=:DE 2D 2 AC24E:42= 7C2>6H@C< 7@C 6G2=F2E:?8 H96E96C 2 >@=6 D9@HD D:8?D E92E D9@F=5 36 =@@<65 2E >@C6 4=@D6=J]k^Am
kF=mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6a4a5275_gh__345f`3f23c_22h252eg3QmpDJ>>6ECJi ~?6 92=7 @7 E96 >@=6 5@6D?VE >2E49 E96 @E96C]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ64b62264a3ahah7eb66hdg6746df`456cQmq@C56Ci %96 6586D 2C6 C28865[ ?@E4965[ @C 3=FCC65 C2E96C E92? D>@@E9 2?5 567:?65]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6b7fd2c2fc_d3e7_f_cbgg_`4`_bf2`g5Qmr@=@Ci %96C6 2C6 >F=E:A=6 D9256D H:E9:? E96 >@=6 W3C@H?[ 3=24<[ C65[ H9:E6[ @C 3=F6X]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6c``_474hg``7`a5be6h2``fgfhf_eccgQms:2>6E6Ci %96 DA@E :D =2C86C E92? e >:==:>6E6CD[ C@F89=J E96 D:K6 @7 2 A6?4:= 6C2D6C]k^=:mk=: 52E2\=:DE\:E6>\:5lQ6_c65_4hb2ebh22h4ebg343f`f73bfgf5QmtG@=G:?8i %96 >@=6 :D 492?8:?8 :? D:K6[ D92A6[ 4@=@C[ @C E6IEFC6[ @C 2 ?6H DJ>AE@> =:<6 3=665:?8 @C :E49:?8 92D 2AA62C65]k^=:mk^F=m
kAm}@ D:?8=6 4C:E6C:@? :D 2 567:?:E:G6 2=2C>[ 3FE 2?J @?6 @7 E96> :D C62D@? E@ 3@@< 2 56C>2E@=@8J 2AA@:?E>6?E C2E96C E92? H2:E]k^Am
k9bm(2C?:?8 $:8?D %92E v@ q6J@?5 E96 r964<=:DEk^9bm
kAm%96 pqrst 7C2>6H@C< 7@4FD6D @? G:DF2= 492C24E6C:DE:4D[ 3FE E96C6 2C6 @E96C H2C?:?8 D:8?D H@CE9 <?@H:?8]k^Am
kAmp >@=6 E92E 3=665D H:E9@FE 2?J :?;FCJ[ :E496D A6CD:DE6?E=J[ 4CFDED @G6C[ @C 56G6=@AD 2 D423 D9@F=5 36 6G2=F2E65] %96D6 2C6 D:8?D E92E D@>6E9:?8 >2J 36 92AA6?:?8 36?62E9 E96 DFC7246]k^Am
kAm%96 QF8=J 5F4<=:?8Q D:8? :D 2 FD67F= D6=7\6I2>:?2E:@? 4@?46AEi |@DE >@=6D @? 2 A6CD@? E6?5 E@ =@@< D:>:=2C E@ 6249 @E96C] p >@=6 E92E =@@<D ?@E:4623=J 5:776C6?E 7C@> 2== J@FC @E96CD[ E96 QF8=J 5F4<=:?8Q :? E96 8C@FA[ DE2?5D @FE 7@C 2 C62D@? 2?5 56D6CG6D 2EE6?E:@? 6G6? :7 :E 5@6D?VE >66E E96 4=2DD:4 pqrst 4C:E6C:2]k^Am
kAmp?J ?6H >@=6 2AA62C:?8 27E6C 286 c_ :D H@CE9 D9@H:?8 E@ 2 56C>2E@=@8:DE] (9:=6 ?6H >@=6D 42? 7@C> E9C@F89@FE =:76[ E96J 364@>6 =6DD 4@>>@? 2D A6@A=6 286[ 2?5 2 DA@E E92E 2AA62CD =2E6C :? =:76 D9@F=5 36 6I2>:?65]k^Am
kAm|6=2?@>2 :D E96 >@DE D6C:@FD 7@C> @7 D<:? 42?46C] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]42?46C]@C8^42?46C^EJA6D^>6=2?@>2\D<:?\42?46C^23@FE^<6J\DE2E:DE:4D]9E>=Qm%96 p>6C:42? r2?46C $@4:6EJ AC@;64ED 2AAC@I:>2E6=J ``a[___ ?6H >6=2?@>2 42D6D :? a_aek^2m[ 2C@F?5 ed[___ @7 H9:49 2C6 6IA64E65 E@ 36 :?G2D:G6] t2C=J 56E64E:@? C6>2:?D @?6 @7 E96 >@DE :>A@CE2?E 724E@CD :? EC62E>6?E @FE4@>6D]k^Am
k9bm(92E E@ s@ p3@FE q:CE9>2C<Dk^9bm
kAm|@DE 3:CE9>2C<D C6BF:C6 ?@ EC62E>6?E 2E 2==] %96JVC6 36?:8?[ 2?5 7@C E96 >2;@C:EJ @7 A6@A=6[ E96 @?=J 564:D:@? :D H96E96C E@ =62G6 E96> 2=@?6 @C AFCDF6 4@D>6E:4 EC62E>6?E :7 E96JVC6 :? 2 G:D:3=6 =@42E:@? @C 27764E 4@?7:56?46]k^Am
kAm!@CE\H:?6 DE2:?D 2?5 =2C86 4@?86?:E2= >6=2?@4JE:4 ?6G:[ 2 EJA6 @7 A:8>6?E65 3:CE9>2C<[ >2J 36 >@?:E@C65 @G6C E:>6 3642FD6 @7 2 D=:89E=J :?4C62D65 C:D< @7 492?86D] p A65:2EC:4:2? @C 56C>2E@=@8:DE 42? 25G:D6 @? H96E96C 2?J 7@==@H\FA :D 2AAC@AC:2E6]k^Am
kAmx7 2 3:CE9>2C< 492?86D :? 4@=@C[ E6IEFC6[ @C D:K6[ @C :7 :E 56G6=@AD C2:D65 2C62D[ :CC68F=2C 6586D[ @C ?6H DJ>AE@>D[ E9@D6 492?86D D9@F=5 36 3C@F89E E@ 2 5@4E@CVD 2EE6?E:@?]k^Am
k9bm!C6G6?E:@? 2?5 |@?:E@C:?8 #@FE:?6Dk^9bm
kAm$F? AC@E64E:@? C65F46D E96 C:D< @7 >@=6 56G6=@A>6?E 2?5 =@H6CD E96 @G6C2== C:D< @7 D<:? 42?46C] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]225]@C8^>65:2^DE2ED\>6=2?@>2Qms2:=J FD6 @7 $!u b_ @C 9:896C DF?D4C66?[k^2m AC@E64E:G6 4=@E9:?8 DF49 2D H:56\3C:> 92ED 2?5 =@?8 D=66G6D 5FC:?8 A62< 9@FCD[ 2?5 2G@:5:?8 E2??:?8 365D 2== C65F46 4F>F=2E:G6 &' 6IA@DFC6]k^Am
kAm|@?E9=J D6=7\6I2>D FD:?8 2 7F==\=6?8E9 >:CC@C 2?5 2 92?5 >:CC@C E@ 4964< 92C5\E@\D66 2C62D 96=A 3F:=5 72>:=:2C:EJ H:E9 H92E J@FC D<:? ?@C>2==J =@@<D =:<6] %92E 32D6=:?6 :D H92E >2<6D :E 62D:6C E@ ?@E:46 D@>6E9:?8 ?6H @C 492?8:?8]k^Am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:^3=@8^2??F2=\D<:?\4964<DQmp??F2= D<:? D4C66?:?8D H:E9 2 56C>2E@=@8:DE 2C6 C64@>>6?565k^2m 7@C A6@A=6 2E 9:896C C:D<i E9@D6 H:E9 2 72>:=J 9:DE@CJ @7 >6=2?@>2[ 2 A6CD@?2= 9:DE@CJ @7 2EJA:42= >@=6D[ 72:C D<:? E92E 3FC?D 62D:=J[ @C D:8?:7:42?E A2DE DF? 6IA@DFC6] u@C =@H6C\C:D< :?5:G:5F2=D[ DA62<:?8 H:E9 2 AC:>2CJ 42C6 AC@G:56C 23@FE E96 C:89E D4C66?:?8 :?E6CG2= :D 2 C62D@?23=6 DE2CE:?8 A@:?E]k^Am
k9bmuC6BF6?E=J pD<65 "F6DE:@?Dk^9bm
kAmkDEC@?8mpC6 >@=6D 2?5 3:CE9>2C<D E96 D2>6 E9:?8nk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm}@] |@=6D 7@C> 27E6C 3:CE9 H96? >6=2?@4JE6D 4=FDE6C E@86E96C[ H9:=6 3:CE9>2C<D 2C6 AC6D6?E 2E @C D9@CE=J 27E6C 3:CE9 2?5 C6DF=E 7C@> 6:E96C 2? @G6C8C@HE9 @7 A:8>6?E 46==D @C 23?@C>2= 3=@@5 G6DD6=D] %96J 92G6 5:776C6?E 42FD6D 2?5 5:776C6?E A2EE6C?D @7 56G6=@A>6?E]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mr2? 2 >@=6 EFC? :?E@ >6=2?@>2nk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm|@DE >@=6D ?6G6C 364@>6 42?46C@FD] w@H6G6C[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:^3=@8^D:8?D\@7\>6=2?@>2Qm>6=2?@>2 42? 2C:D6 H:E9:? 2? 6I:DE:?8 >@=6 @C 2D 2 ?6H DA@E @? ?@C>2=\2AA62C:?8 D<:?k^2m] pEJA:42= >@=6D 42CCJ 2 D=:89E=J 9:896C C:D<[ H9:49 :D H9J E96JVC6 >@?:E@C65] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:^3=@8^>@=6\492?86D\23456\CF=6\7@C\D<:?\42?46C\56E64E:@?Qm&D:?8 E96 pqrst 4964<=:DEk^2m 2?5 C6A@CE:?8 492?86D E@ 2 56C>2E@=@8:DE :D E96 >@DE C6=:23=6 H2J E@ 42E49 AC@3=6>D 62C=J]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m(96? 5@ 96>2?8:@>2D 8@ 2H2Jnk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm|@DE 96>2?8:@>2D 368:? E@ D9C:?< 3J 2C@F?5 286 ` 2?5 4@?E:?F6 725:?8 E9C@F89 49:=59@@5] %96 >2;@C:EJ 2C6 7F==J 8@?6 @C D:8?:7:42?E=J C65F465 3J 286D f E@ `_] $@>6 >2J =62G6 369:?5 >:?@C 492?86D :? D<:? E6IEFC6 @C 4@=@C[ 2?5 :? D@>6 42D6D[ 2 5@4E@C >2J C64@>>6?5 62C=:6C EC62E>6?E :7 E96 96>2?8:@>2 :D ?62C E96 6J6[ >@FE9[ @C 2:CH2JD]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8ms@6D $!u b_ DF?D4C66? C62==J AC6G6?E ?6H >@=6Dnk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm$F?D4C66? C65F46D E96 4F>F=2E:G6 &' 6IA@DFC6 E92E 4@?EC:3FE6D E@ ?6H >@=6 7@C>2E:@? 2?5 E@ >6=2?@>2 C:D<] xE 5@6D?VE 8F2C2?E66 E92E ?@ ?6H >@=6D H:== 6G6C 2AA62C[ 3FE 4@?D:DE6?E FD6 7C@> 49:=59@@5 @?H2C5 >62?:?87F==J =@H6CD E96 @G6C2== 3FC56? @7 &' 52>286 E@ E96 D<:?]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m(92E 5@6D E96 QF8=J 5F4<=:?8Q D:8? >62?nk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm%96 E6C> C676CD E@ 2 >@=6 E92E =@@<D 5:DE:?4E=J 5:776C6?E 7C@> E96 @E96C >@=6D @? J@FC 3@5J] |@DE >@=6D @? 2?J @?6 A6CD@? D92C6 2 D:>:=2C 86?6C2= 2AA62C2?46] ~?6 E92E DE2?5D @FE 7C@> E96 C6DE[ :? D:K6[ 4@=@C[ D92A6[ @C 766=[ :D H@CE9 92G:?8 6I2>:?65 6G6? :7 :E 5@6D?VE 7:E E96 4=2DD:4 pqrst H2C?:?8 4C:E6C:2]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mxD :E ?@C>2= E@ 86E ?6H >@=6D 2D 2? 25F=Enk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm}6H >@=6D 42? 2AA62C E9C@F89 23@FE 286 bd 2?5 @442D:@?2==J 36J@?5[ 3FE E96 C2E6 D=@HD H:E9 286] p ?6H >@=6 2AA62C:?8 27E6C 286 c_ D9@F=5 36 4964<65 3J 2 56C>2E@=@8:DE[ D:?46 ?6H DA@ED =2E6C :? =:76 2C6 =6DD 4@>>@? 2?5 H2CC2?E 6G2=F2E:@? E@ CF=6 @FE 2 4@?46C?:?8 492?86]k^Am
k9bm%96 q@EE@> {:?6k^9bm
kAm|@=6D 2?5 3:CE9>2C<D 2C6 2 ?@C>2= A2CE @7 9F>2? D<:?[ 2?5 E96 G2DE >2;@C:EJ H:== ?6G6C 42FD6 2?J 962=E9 AC@3=6>D] %96 5:776C6?46 36EH66? D@>6E9:?8 92C>=6DD 2?5 D@>6E9:?8 E92E ?665D 2EE6?E:@? FDF2==J 4@>6D 5@H? E@ 492?86i p DA@E E92E =@@<D 5:776C6?E 7C@> 9@H :E =@@<65 367@C6[ @C 2 ?6H >2C< E92E 5@6D?VE =@@< =:<6 2?JE9:?8 6=D6 @? J@FC 3@5J[ :D E96 @?6 H@CE9 3C:?8:?8 E@ 2 5@4E@C]k^Am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:^3=@8^>@=6D\GD\3:CE9>2C<D\H92ED\?@C>2=\2?5\H92E\H2CC2?ED\2\4964<^Qmk6>m%9:D DE@CJk^6>mk^2m k6>mH2D AC@5F465 3Jk^6>m k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]5@4EC@?:4]2:^Qmk6>ms@4EC@?:4k^6>mk^2m k6>m2?5 C6G:6H65 2?5 5:DEC:3FE65 3Jk^6>m k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^9F3D]=2^"_b<=8$#_Q C6=lQ?@7@==@HQmk6>m$E24<6Ck^6>mk^2m]k^Am

