(BOSTON) With forecasters of doom debating the end of reading, of publishing and of literacy in general, what should we make of William T. Vollmann’s forthcoming novel, “A Table for Fortune”?
Spanning four volumes at 3,000 pages, is it madness? A determined attempt to silence print’s naysayers?
kAmx 92G6 366? HC:E:?8 23@FE '@==>2??’D H@C<D D:?46 x A6??65 E96 :?EC@5F4E:@? E@ “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^F5AC6DD]F56=]65F^3@@<\E:E=6^H:==:2>\E\G@==>2??\2\4C:E:42=\4@>A2?:@?^Qm(:==:2> %] '@==>2??i p rC:E:42= r@>A2?:@?k^2m” >@C6 E92? `_ J62CD 28@]k^Am
kAm%96 ef\J62C\@=5 2FE9@C 92D DA6?E 9:D 42C66C 8@:?8 3:8[ :? 6G6CJ D6?D6[ 2?5 x H@F=5 ?@E 36 E96 7:CDE E@ 56D4C:36 9:D 2AAC@249 E@ 9:D 2CE k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^?6HC6AF3=:4]4@>^2CE:4=6^``gfcg^H:==:2>\E\G@==>2??D\52?86C@FD=J\F?4@CCFAE65\=:E6C2CJ\>:?5Qm2D F?4@>AC@>:D:?8k^2m]k^Am
kAmw:D AC@;64ED 8C2AA=6 H:E9 H6:89EJ >2EE6CD DF49 2D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?JE:>6D]4@>^a__f^_b^`g^3@@<D^C6G:6H^z:C?]E]9E>=Qm8=@32= A@G6CEJk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A6?8F:?C2?5@>9@FD6]4@>^D6C:6D^q#b^D6G6?\5C62>D^QmE96 9:DE@CJ @7 }@CE9 p>6C:42k^2m 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]E962E=2?E:4]4@>^>282K:?6^2C49:G6^a_`g^`_^H:==:2>\G@==>2??\42C3@?\:56@=@8:6D^degb_h^Qm4=:>2E6 492?86k^2m] u6H @7 9:D C@F89=J ad 3@@<D CF? F?56C d__ A286D] p3@FE 92=7 ECJ E@ <66A 9:D C6256CD 6?82865 7@C D6G6C2= 9F?5C65 36J@?5 E92E] |2?J @7 E96> DFAA=6>6?E E96 E6IE H:E9 A9@E@8C2A9D[ 6A:8C2A9D[ 8=@DD2C:6D[ 72>:=J EC66D[ D<6E496D[ E:>6=:?6D[ G2C:2?E E23=6D @7 4@?E6?ED[ 2=E6C?2E:?8 7@?ED 2?5 ?@E6D E@ E96 C6256C] %96 6DD2J “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]>4DH66?6JD]?6E^2CE:4=6D^2?\@C2=\9:DE@CJ\@7\H:==:2>\G@==>2??D\C:D:?8\FA\2?5\C:D:?8\5@H?Qm#:D:?8 &A 2?5 #:D:?8 s@H?k^2m[” 9:D A9:=@D@A9:42= 2?5 ;@FC?2=:DE:4 :?BF:CJ :?E@ E96 ?2EFC6 @7 G:@=6?46[ 4=@4<D :? 2E @G6C b[___ A286D 24C@DD D6G6? G@=F>6D]k^Am
kAmqFE E@ E9@D6 H9@ >:89E 2C8F6 E92E E9:D :D E96 H@CDE E:>6 E@ AFE 2 >@?DE6C @7 2 ?@G6= :?E@ AC:?E D:?46 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]=:?5292==]@C8^23@FE^?6HD^D4:6?E:DE\@7\E96\52J^;@92??6D\8FE6?36C8^QmE96 52JD 367@C6 y@92??6D vFE6?36C8 4C62E65k^2m E96 >@G23=6\EJA6 AC:?E:?8 AC6DD :? E96 `dE9 46?EFCJ[ x H@F=5 D2J E92E '@==>2??’D 2AAC@249 :D ?66565 ?@H >@C6 E92? 6G6C]k^Am
k9am%96 ‘A@:D@?65 92CG6DE’ @7 h^``k^9am
kAmp7E6C C625:?8 '@==>2??’D H@C<D 2?5 @442D:@?2==J DA62<:?8 H:E9 9:> :? A6CD@? @C G:2 A@DE[ x ;@:? @E96CD :? 36:?8 A@H6C7F==J DECF4< 3J 9:D F?C:G2=65 :?E6==:86?46[ 6>A2E9J 2?5 H@C< 6E9:4] w:D 3@@<D 2C6 ?@E 3:8 7@C E96 D2<6 @7 36:?8 3:8] %96J C67=64E E96 566A D6?D6 @7 C6DA@?D:3:=:EJ 96 766=D E@H2C5 9:D DF3;64ED]k^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 2=ElQp 3@@< 4@G6C 762EFC:?8 2? :>286 @7 2 >2CD9=2?5 2?5 E96 3=@4<\=6EE6C E6IE UR_bhjp %pq{t u~# u~#%&}tUR_bhj 2?5 E96 2FE9@CUR_bhjD ?2>6[ UR_bhj(x{{xp| %] '~{{|p}}[UR_bhj HC2AA:?8 2C@F?5 E96 6586D]Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^fdbbfb^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_ae_g``\f_\5fH947]A?8n:I=:3lC3\c]`]`U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>Aj7:El4=:AQ ^mk7:842AE:@?m‘p %23=6 7@C u@CEF?6’ 6IA=@C6D H92E 92AA6?D H96? E96 C6DA@?D6 E@ E96 9@CC@CD @7 h^`` 364@>6D 2? 2C6?2 7@C A6CA6EC2E:@? @7 7FCE96C 4C:>6D] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^D<J9@CD6\FD]:>8:I]?6E^4@G6CD^hfg`ecga`a_ge];A8n2FE@l7@C>2ETbrATbtx?Ta_E96Ta_42D6Ta_@7Ta_TtaTg_ThrpTa_%23=6Ta_7@CTa_u@CEF?6[TtaTg_ThsTa_E92ETa_DF3;64ETa_:D[Ta_2DTa_'@==>2??Ta_564=2C6DTa_:?Ta_E96Ta_@A6?:?8Ta_G@=F>6[Ta_E96Ta_42FD6Ta_2?5Ta_67764EDTa_@7Ta_h^``Ta_TtaTg_ThbTa_TtaTg_ThrEC24:?8Ta_E96Ta_C@@EDTa_@7Ta_E92ETa_4C:>6Ta_:?Ta_@?6Ta_5:C64E:@?Ta_2?5Ta_:EDTa_A@:D@?65Ta_92CG6DETa_:?Ta_2?@E96C]TtaTg_ThsTa_Tbr^ATbtTbrATbtxETa_:DTa_2Ta_?@G6=Ta_@7Ta_:562DTa_2?5Ta_2Ta_?@G6=Ta_@7Ta_766=:?8D[Ta_E96Ta_7@C>6CTa_6IAC6DD65Ta_:?Ta_E96Ta_E2=6Ta_@7Ta_2Ta_rxpTa_>2?Ta_H9@Ta_362CDTa_E96Ta_4@56Ta_?2>6Ta_sp't[Ta_2?5Ta_E96Ta_=2EE6CTa_E96Ta_AFCG:6HTa_@7Ta_9:DTa_D@?[Ta_|2EE96H]Ta_sp'tTa_:DTa_2Ta_3C:==:2?E[Ta_566A=JTa_4@>>:EE65Ta_r@=5Ta_(2CTa_2?2=JDETa_H9@D6Ta_72:E9Ta_:?Ta_p>6C:42TtaTg_ThhDTa_>:DD:@?Ta_8C25F2==JTa_6C@56DTa_27E6CTa_h^``Ta_2?5Ta_Tbr2Ta_9C67lQmE96 6?DF:?8 H2C @? E6CC@Ck^2m] |2EE96H[ 3J 4@?EC2DE[ :D =6DD :?E6C6DE65 :? 86@A@=:E:4D 3FE ;FDE 2D :?G6DE65 :? BF6DE:@?D 23@FE E96 ?2EFC6 @7 p>6C:42] w:D 56D:C6 7@C AFCA@D6 :? =:76 :D 566A=J :?7@C>65 3J 2 ?@E:@? E92E E96 ?2E:@? DE:== 92C3@CD @AA@CEF?:E:6D 7@C 7C665@>] pE E96 D2>6 E:>6[ 9:D D62C49 7@C E92E 7C665@> =625D 9:> :?E@ DF49 52?86CD 2D 9@>6=6DD?6DD 2?5 255:4E:@?]kAm%96 3@@< H:== 36 AF3=:D965 2E 2 492==6?8:?8 >@>6?E 7@C '@==>2?? — 2?5 7@C C625:?8 >@C6 3C@25=J]k^AmkAmx? a_aa 2=@?6[ 96 =@DE 9:D 52F89E6C[ H2D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^92CA6CD]@C8^2C49:G6^a_ab^``^7@FC\>6?^Qm5C@AA65 3J ':<:?8k^2m[ 9:D =@?8E:>6 AF3=:D96C[ 2?5 E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^3:8C6256C3258C256D]DF3DE24<]4@>^A^H6\2=H2JD\=62G6\E9:?8D\F?7:?:D965QmDFAA@CE6CD @7 9:D 2C49:G6Dk^2m 2E ~9:@ $E2E6[ 2?5 8@E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]>6EC@A@=:E2?C6G:6H]@C8^A^E96\=2DE\4@?EC24EQm9:E 3J 2 42Ck^2m H9:=6 4C@DD:?8 2 DEC66E] w6 92D 2=D@ 366? 7:89E:?8 2? :?4FC23=6 42D6 @7 4@=@? 42?46C[ C24:?8 282:?DE E96 4=@4< E@ D66 2 76H 7:?2= AC@;64ED E@ 4@>A=6E:@?]k^AmkAm|62?H9:=6[ E96 ?2E:@?’D 65F42E:@?2= DJDE6> :D 4@?DE2?E=J 92G:?8 E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^DE2E:4`]DBF2C6DA246]4@>^DE2E:4^dgh4h2e36e7a6`_64g7_3fec^E^ea6cg_24a27`hg_fd`cghdc7^`edh`cab`ge`b^p>@?8Z>2?JZ&]$]Z49:=5C6?TarZC625:?8Z7@CZ7F?Z92DZ364@>6Z=6DDZ4@>>@?Z0Z!6HZ#6D62C49Zr6?E6C]A57Qm42=:3C2E6 :ED 6IA64E2E:@?D 7@C C625:?8 5@H?k^2m[ 2?5 AF3=:D96CD 7:?5 E96>D6=G6D 4@?7C@?E:?8 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^?6HD]F7=]65F^a_ad^_g^C625:?8\7@C\A=62DFC6\DEF5J^QmDE625:=J H@CD6?:?8 @55Dk^2m E92E E96 2G6C286 C6256C H:== 6G6? A:4< FA 2 3@@< :? E96 ?6IE J62C]k^AmkAm%@ E96 6IE6?E E92E E96C6 :D 2 C625:?8 AF3=:4[ E96J’C6 2DDF>65 E@ 36 :?4C62D:?8=J :==\6BF:AA65 E@ 92?5=6 E96 G6CJ D@CED @7 E9:?8D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^>6EC@A@=:E2?C6G:6H]4@>^E96\=2DE\4@?EC24E^QmE92E >@E:G2E65 ':<:?8 E@ 5C@A '@==>2??k^2mi w:D 3@@<D D66> E@@ =@?8[ E@@ 4@>A=6I 2?5 E@@ 6IA6?D:G6 E@ AF3=:D9]k^Amk9ams66A 5:G6D 42? 4@?7C@?E D92==@H 5FA=:4:EJk^9amkAmqFE x E9:?< E96 2AA2C6?E 8F=7 36EH66? '@==>2??’D H@C< 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^5@:]@C8^`_]`_`e^;]:D4:]a_ad]``baggQmp>6C:42’D 5:D>2= C625:?8 52E2k^2m 4@F=5 36 E9@F89E @7 5:776C6?E=J] (92E :7 E96 492==6?8:?8 4@>A=6I:EJ 2?5 A@=:E:42= 6?8286>6?E @7 9:D E@>6D 2C6 6I24E=J H92E’D ?66565nk^AmkAm%@52J[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^A9:=2C49:G6]@C8^2C49:G6^'prt~%Qm724E 2?5 72?E2DJ :?E6C>:?8=6 7C66=Jk^2m 2D 2 4@?D6BF6?46 @7 A@=:E:42= D496>:?8 2?5 ;@4<6J:?8 7@C 64@?@>:4 25G2?E286] !@=:E:42= 5:D4@FCD6 :D C65F465 E@ @A:?:@?D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^5@:]@C8^`_]`_hb^;4>4^K>23__aQm2E @?46 9@>@86?@FD 2?5 32=<2?:K65k^2m[ C6:?7@C465 3J k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^AC6DD]AC:?46E@?]65F^3@@<D^92C54@G6C^hfg_eh``fdd`d^C6AF3=:4nDCD=E:5lp7>q~@B5x2:\;s2Cp"33'y"0Aezg3$`6#bH'vG5b8s=bfc)*|>Cba?sGQmE96 649@ 492>36CD @7 E96 52J’D C68?2?E 2=8@C:E9>Dk^2m] %96? E96C6 2C6 E96 7C28>6?E65 2EE6?E:@? DA2?D 3:CE965 3J @FC 562C=J 36=@G65 D4C66?D[ H9:49 4F=E:G2E6 2 <:?5 @7 4@8?:E:G6 H9:A=2D9 E92E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]E968F2C5:2?]4@>^D4:6?46^a_aa^;2?^_a^2EE6?E:@?\DA2?\7@4FD\D4C66?D\2AAD\D>2CEA9@?6D\D@4:2=\>65:2QmG24:==2E6D 36EH66? 2>?6D:2 2?5 J62C?:?8 7@C >@C6k^2m]k^AmkAmxE’D 62DJ E@ 364@>6 5:DA:C:E65 2?5 4J?:42=i %96 7:6=5 D66>D E@@ 3:8[ 2?5 E96 82>6 C6HC:E6D E96 CF=6D E@@ BF:4<=J 7@C 2?J@?6 E@ 7:8FC6 @FE 9@H E@ @G6C4@>6 E96D6 7@C46D]k^AmkAm|2J36 E96 7:CDE DE6A :D C64@8?:E:@?]k^AmkAm(92E 92AA6?D[ '@==>2??’D H@C<D 2D<[ H96? D6CG:?8 E96 8@@5 :D C6G62=65 2D :ED @AA@D:E6n (92E 92AA6?D H96? E96 C6DA@?D6 E@ E96 9@CC@C @7 h^`` 364@>6D 2? 2C6?2 7@C A6CA6EC2E:@? @7 7FCE96C 4C:>6D[ C2E96C E92? E96 962=:?8 @7 H@F?5D 2=C625J :?7=:4E65nk^AmkAmtG6? 2D E96 :?G2D:@? @7 p7892?:DE2? :? a__` 2?5 @7 xC2B :? a__b 3642>6 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A6HC6D62C49]@C8^A@=:E:4D^a_a`^_h^_a^EH@\564256D\=2E6C\E96\6?5FC:?8\=6824J\@7\h\``^Qm=2C86=J 4@?5@?65k^2m 3J E96 p>6C:42? AF3=:4[ 5:DA=246>6?E[ DF776C:?8 2?5 :>A2DD6 A6CD:DE :? E96 C68:@?[ ?@H :? E96 7@C> @7 E96 @?8@:?8 4@?7=:4ED :? E96 v2K2 $EC:A 2?5 xC2?] %96 3C@256C A@DE\h^`` DEC2E68J D66>D 5:C64E65 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]52>6>282K:?6]4@>^a_ae^_b^ac^H92E\E96\H2C\@?\E6CC@C\3F:=E^Qm282:?DE DE23=6 8@G6C?2?46k^2m :? E96 |:55=6 t2DE 86?6C2==J]k^AmkAm(96E96C @?6 H@C<D 7@C E96 rxp – 2D 5@ D6G6C2= @7 '@==>2??’D 46?EC2= 492C24E6CD :? “p %23=6 7@C u@CEF?6” – @C @44FA:6D 2 =6DD 46?EC2= ?@56 :? E96 ?6EH@C<D @7 A@H6C[ :E :D ?@E 92C5 E@ C64@8?:K6 E92E E96 36DE :?E6?E:@?D 42? 36 A6CG6CE65[ E92E @?6’D :562=:DE:4 =23@C >2J F?<?@H:?8=J 36 =6?E E@ 7FCE96C:?8 E96 4=@2<65 2>3:E:@?D @7 E96 H:4<65]k^AmkAm$F49 =6824:6D @7 h^`` 2C6 E96 D@CE @7 F?4@>7@CE23=6 2?5 A@H6C7F= >2EE6CD E@ H9:49 '@==>2?? 5:C64ED 2EE6?E:@?] p?5 :7 A6@A=6 2C6 E@ 8C2AA=6 H:E9 DF49 E9@C?J E@A:4D[ E96J ?665 E@ 36 56=:?62E65 :? 56E2:= 2?5 2E =6?8E9[ 2D E96J 2C6 :? “p %23=6 7@C u@CEF?6]”k^AmkAmp H@C< =:<6 E9:D :D ?@E @?=J 2 3@@< 23@FE A@H6C7F= 4@?DA:C2E@CD] xE :D 2=D@ 2 3@@< E92E 42? 96=A <66A A6@A=6 27=@2E 2D E96J ?2G:82E6 E96 EF>F=EF@FD D62D @7 E96 A@DE\ECFE9 6C2[ 5@586 E96 H9:C=A@@=D @7 5:8:E2= 32?2=:EJ 2?5 C6D:DE E96 =6G:2E92?D @7 E649?@\42A:E2=:D>]k^Amk9am{:E6C2CJ =:76 C27EDk^9amkAm'@==>2?? :D ?@E 8@:?8 :E 2=@?6] u2C 7C@> :E]k^AmkAmw6 7@==@HD E96 EC25:E:@? @7 H92E D49@=2CD 42== “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^C625]5F<6FAC6DD]65F^4@>A2C2E:G6\=:E6C2EFC6^2CE:4=6\23DEC24E^ec^b^ac`^ff`g^%96\|2I:>2=:DE\}@G6=nC65:C64E65uC@>l7F==E6IEQm=:E6C2CJ >2I:>2=:D>k^2m” – H@C<D E92E 2C6 2>3:E:@FD :? D42=6 2?5 D4@A6[ 4@?E2:?:?8 ?2CC2E:G6D 7=FD9 H:E9 DFCAC:D:?8 :?E6CD64E:@?D[ AC@=:76C2E:@?D 2?5 5:G6C86?46D]k^AmkAmw:D H@C<D 3F:=5 @? DF49 62C=:6C >682\?@G6=D 2D %9@>2D !J?49@?’D “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E9@>2DAJ?49@?]4@>^AJ?49@?\4@G6C\2CE^8C2G:EJD\C2:?3@H^QmvC2G:EJ’D #2:?3@Hk^2m[” (:==:2> v255:D’ “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?JC3]4@>^AC@5F4ED^E96\C64@8?:E:@?DQm%96 #64@8?:E:@?Dk^2m” 2?5 y@9? q2CE9’D “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^2C49:G6]@C8^56E2:=D^D@EH665724E@C__ebae>3A^A286^?f^>@56^aFAQm%96 $@E\(665 u24E@Ck^2m[” H9:49 E@86E96C 4@?7C@?E E96 4@>A=6I:E:6D @7 p>6C:42’D A2DE 2?5 AC6D6?E] %96:C E@A:4D :?4=F56 E96 =:>:ED @7 2FE96?E:4:EJ 2?5 9@H E@ 8C2DA F?56CDE2?5:?8 :? 2 H@C=5 2H2D9 :? 5646:E]k^Amk7:8FC6mk:>8 2=ElQq=24<\2?5\H9:E6 A9@E@ @7 >:55=6\2865 >2? DE2?5:?8 :? D?@HJ H@@5D[ 9@=5:?8 2 4:82C6EE6]Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^fdc`b`^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_ae_g`c\d_\6AIebJ];A8n:I=:3lC3\c]`]`U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>Aj7:El4=:AQ ^mk7:842AE:@?m{:<6 (:==:2> %] '@==>2??[ (:==:2> v255:D HC@E6 3:8 3@@<D E92E E24<=65 3:8[ 6I:DE6?E:2= BF6DE:@?D] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]86EEJ:>286D]4@>^56E2:=^?6HD\A9@E@^HC:E6C\H:==:2>\8255:D\@?\;2?F2CJ\ad\`heg\:?\?6H\J@C<\?6H\?6HD\A9@E@^ceacff_chnD=@El`U2>Aj25AA@AFAlECF6Qm$2?E: ':D2==:^v6EEJ x>286Dk^2mk^7:842AE:@?mk^7:8FC6mkAm'@==>2?? 2=D@ ;@:?D 2>3:E:@FD 4@?E6>A@C2C:6D DF49 2D s2G:5 u@DE6C (2==246[ H9@D6 “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]92496EE63@@<8C@FA]4@>^E:E=6D^52G:5\7@DE6C\H2==246^:?7:?:E6\;6DE^hfg_b`eha__ch^n=6?Dl=:EE=6\3C@H?Qmx?7:?:E6 y6DEk^2m” :?E6CC@82E6D E96 =@DD @7 D6=7 E@ 6?E6CE2:?>6?E 2?5 E96 G2A:5 D=@82?D @7 A@AF=2C 4F=EFC6]k^AmkAmq69:?5 6249 :D 2C8F23=J E96 8C2?56DE p>6C:42? ?@G6= @7 2==[ “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]8FE6?36C8]@C8^63@@<D^af_`Qm|@3J\s:4<k^2m]”k^AmkAmx H2D ?@E DFCAC:D65 E@ =62C? E92E '@==>2?? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]D>:E9D@?:2?>28]4@>^2CED\4F=EFC6^G@J286\7C6?49\A@=J?6D:2\96C>2?\>6=G:==6\4@FCD6\HC:E6\>@3J\5:4<\`g_hfadad^QmG:D:E65 !@=J?6D:2k^2m :? a_`h E@ H2=< :? w6C>2? |6=G:==6’D 7@@EDE6AD] |6=G:==6[ 27E6C 2==[ H2D HC24<65 3J 5:77:4F=E:6D E92E D9@F=5 ?6G6C 92G6 366? 9:D E@ 362Ci 4@?DE2?E AC@3=6>D H:E9 AF3=:D96CD[ F?4@>AC696?5:?8 C6G:6HD[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?6HJ@C<6C]4@>^>282K:?6^`hga^_d^`_^>6=G:==6D\H:E95C2H2=Qm6?5=6DD=J 72=E6C:?8 7:?2?46Dk^2m 2?5 E96 =@DD @7 2 E66?286 D@? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^5@:]@C8^`_]````^;]`hcb\afg)]`hfe]E3__gg`]IQmE@ 2 D6=7\:?7=:4E65 8F?D9@E H@F?5k^2m E92E >2J ?@E 92G6 366? 2? 244:56?E]k^AmkAmx? @E96C H@C5D[ '@==>2??’D H@C< :D ?@E 6?E:C6=J 2? @FE=:6C] }6:E96C :D 9:D C6256CD9:A]k^AmkAmx?5:6 AF3=:D9:?8 9@FD6D =:<6 s66A '6==F> 2C6 46=63C2E:?8 E9:4< 3@@<D[ 2?5 ?@E ;FDE E9@D6 7C@> p>6C:42? 2FE9@CD] |:C462 răCEăC6D4F’D a_`d “$@=6?@:5[” H9:49 368:?D H:E9 2 7:4E:@?2= 3:@8C2A9J D6E :? r@=5 (2C #@>2?:2[ 92D 62C?65 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E963@@<6CAC:K6D]4@>^E96\3@@<6C\=:3C2CJ^762EFC6D^>:C462\42CE2C6D4F\2?5\D62?\4@EE6C\:?E6CG:6H\D@=6?@:5Qm2 565:42E65 7@==@H:?8k^2m :? EC2?D=2E:@?] |:4926= {6?EK’D “$492EE6?7C@9[” 2 `[__`\A286 ?@G6= E92E 7@==@HD E96 :?E6C?2= ?2CC2E:G6 @7 2 E@CEFC65 DF3;64E 4@?7C@?E:?8 46?EFC:6D @7 9:DE@CJ[ =:<6H:D6 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?JE:>6D]4@>^a_ad^_h^_f^3@@<D^C6G:6H^>:4926=\=6?EK\D492EE6?7C@9]9E>=Qm82C?6C65 4@?D:56C23=6 2EE6?E:@?k^2m H96? :ED t?8=:D9 EC2?D=2E:@? 5C@AA65 :? a_ad]k^AmkAmx? 9:D ?@E6 E@ E96 C6256C[ '@==>2?? 6IA=2:?D E92E E96 @?8@:?8 72:=FC6D >@DE DEC:<:?8=J D:8?2=65 3J h^`` 2C6 >2EE6CD @7 “=6DD@?D ?@E =62C?65[” “6IA65:6?4:6D @7 A@H6C” 2?5 “4@?D4:6?46D 5:D23=65[” :? 255:E:@? E@ E92E >@DE 4F??:?8 2C3:E6Ci “492?46]”k^AmkAm%96 D2>6 =:DE @7 4@?5:E:@?D :D C6=6G2?E E@ E96 5632E6D 23@FE @FC 72=E6C:?8 =:E6C24J] x7[ 2D D66>D =:<6=J[ “p %23=6 7@C u@CEF?6” :D @?6 @7 '@==>2??’D 7:?2= 3@@<D[ :E 4C@H?D 2 42C66C E92E C6>:?5D C6256CD E92E E96 H@C=5’D EC@F3=6D >FDE 36 2AAC696?565 2D >F49 >@C6 4@>A=6I E92? 2 76H 52E2 A@:?ED 2?5 2=2C>:DE D@F?5 3:E6D DF886DE]k^AmkAmx?5665[ 3@@<D =:<6 “p %23=6 7@C u@CEF?6” >2J 36 2>@?8 E96 >@DE 6DD6?E:2= E@@=D 7@C <66A:?8 @FC 9625D 23@G6 H2E6C]k^AmkAmk6>m%9:D 2CE:4=6 :D C6AF3=:D965 7C@> k2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^FDnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<\_U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\aggbaeQm%96 r@?G6CD2E:@?k^2m[ 2 ?@?AC@7:E[ :?56A6?56?E ?6HD @C82?:K2E:@? 3C:?8:?8 J@F 724ED 2?5 ECFDEH@CE9J 2?2=JD:D E@ 96=A J@F >2<6 D6?D6 @7 @FC 4@>A=6I H@C=5] xE H2D HC:EE6? 3Ji k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^AC@7:=6D^49C:DE@A96C\4@77>2?\afc`dehnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?l3J=:?6\=:?<U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\aggbaeQmr9C:DE@A96C r@77>2?k^2m[ k6>mk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^:?DE:EFE:@?D^3@DE@?\F?:G6CD:EJ\ghgnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?l3J=:?6\=:?<U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\aggbaeQmq@DE@? &?:G6CD:EJk^2mk^6>mk^6>mk^AmkAmkDEC@?8m#625 >@C6ik^DEC@?8mk3C ^mk^AmkF=mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^H92E\92AA6?D\H96?\J@F\ECJ\E@\C625\>@3J\5:4<\@?\J@FC\D>2CEA9@?6\cecc_nFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<_U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\aggbaeQm(92E 92AA6?D H96? J@F ECJ E@ C625 |@3J s:4< @? J@FC D>2CEA9@?6nk^2mk^=:mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^H92E\E96\A2?:4\@G6C\86?\KD\C625:?8\923:ED\86ED\HC@?8\aggbbgnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<`U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\aggbaeQm(92E E96 A2?:4 @G6C v6? +’D C625:?8 923:ED 86ED HC@?8k^2mk^=:mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^E9@FD2?5D\@7\2:\HC:EE6?\65:E65\@C\A@=:D965\3@@<D\2C6\36:?8\D@=5\2?\66C:6\649@\@7\@CH6==D\?@G6=\HC:E:?8\>249:?6D\afe__gnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<aU2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\aggbaeQm%9@FD2?5D @7 px‑HC:EE6?[ 65:E65 @C ‘A@=:D965’ 3@@<D 2C6 36:?8 D@=5 – 2? 66C:6 649@ @7 ~CH6==’D ‘?@G6=‑HC:E:?8 >249:?6D’k^2mk^=:mk^F=mkA 4=2DDlQ7:?6\AC:?EQmk6>mkDA2?mr9C:DE@A96C r@77>2? 5@6D ?@E H@C< 7@C[ 4@?DF=E[ @H? D92C6D :? @C C646:G6 7F?5:?8 7C@> 2?J 4@>A2?J @C @C82?:K2E:@? E92E H@F=5 36?67:E 7C@> E9:D 2CE:4=6[ 2?5 92D 5:D4=@D65 ?@ C6=6G2?E 277:=:2E:@?D 36J@?5 E96:C 24256>:4 2AA@:?E>6?E]k^DA2?mk^6>mk^Amk:>8 DC4lQ9EEADi^^4@F?E6C]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^4@?E6?E^aggbae^4@F?E]8:7n5:DEC:3FE@Cl=66Q DEJ=6lQ96:89Ei`AIjH:5E9i`AIjQ 2=ElQQ ^mk^7:842AE:@?mk^7:8FC6m

