Millions of U.S. workers handle, store, or work near hazardous chemicals every day—from cleaning solvents and industrial adhesives to flammable gases and corrosive substances. Without proper training, clear labeling, and accessible safety data sheets, employees may not fully understand the health risks they face, including respiratory illness, chemical burns, or fire and explosion hazards. Federal regulators and occupational health experts widely view hazard communication as a foundational component of workplace safety because it determines whether workers have the information needed to protect themselves.
To address these risks, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) established the Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) in 1983. Often referred to as the “right-to-know” rule, the standard requires employers to classify chemical hazards, label containers, maintain safety data sheets, and train workers on safe handling procedures. Yet more than four decades after its adoption, HazCom remains one of OSHA’s most frequently cited workplace safety standards, indicating persistent compliance gaps across industries and regions.
×
Javascript is required for you to be able to read premium content. Please enable it in your browser settings.
kAm%@ :56?E:7J H96C6 &]$] 6>A=@J6CD 2C6 72:=:?8 E@ H2C? H@C<6CD 23@FE 496>:42= 52?86CD[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]EC246@?6]4@>^Qm%C246 ~?6k^2m—2? $s$[ C68F=2E@CJ 4@>A=:2?46[ 2?5 !{| D@7EH2C6 4@>A2?J D6CG:?8 E96 496>:42=D[ 7@@5 U2>Aj 36G6C286[ 2?5 4@D>6E:4D D64E@CD—2?2=JK65 ~$wp 6?7@C46>6?E 52E2 7C@> a_a` E9C@F89 a_ad] %96 2?2=JD:D :?G6DE:82E6D H9:49 DE2E6D 2?5 :?5FDEC:6D 244@F?E 7@C E96 >@DE w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D[ 2D H6== 2D 9@H E96D6 4:E2E:@? EC6?5D 92G6 6G@=G65 @G6C E:>6]k^Am
kAmw6C6 2C6 E96 <6J E2<62H2JD 7C@> E96 2?2=JD:Dik^Am
kF=mk=:mkDEC@?8mw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D C6>2:? H:56DAC625 ?2E:@?H:56]k^DEC@?8m ~$wp C64@C565 be[hgc w2K2C5 r@>>F?:42E:@? G:@=2E:@?D 7C@> a_a`–a_ad[ 6BF2= E@ d]e G:@=2E:@?D A6C `__[___ H@C<6CD]k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m|2CJ=2?5 =625D E96 ?2E:@? :? E@E2= w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D]k^DEC@?8m %96C6 H6C6 c[bf_ G:@=2E:@?D 5FC:?8 E96 a_a`–a_ad A6C:@5[ 6BF2= E@ bh]_ G:@=2E:@?D A6C `__[___ H@C<6CD[ @?6 @7 E96 9:896DE C2E6D :? E96 4@F?ECJ]k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m|2?F724EFC:?8 2?5 4@?DECF4E:@? 244@F?E 7@C 92=7 @7 2== w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D]k^DEC@?8m |2?F724EFC:?8 C64@C565 `_[_a` G:@=2E:@?D 2?5 4@?DECF4E:@? C6A@CE65 g[efg[ E@86E96C >2<:?8 FA d_]eT @7 2== w2Kr@> 4:E2E:@?D ?2E:@?H:56 5FC:?8 E96 7:G6\J62C A6C:@5]k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8mx?DA64E:@? C2E6D G2CJ D:8?:7:42?E=J 3J :?5FDECJ]k^DEC@?8m %96 4@?DECF4E:@? :?5FDECJ :D 3J 72C E96 >@DE 9:89=J\:?DA64E65 D64E@C[ 244@F?E:?8 7@C ca]gT @7 2== :?DA64E:@?D]k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8mw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D 92G6 564=:?65 DF3DE2?E:2==J D:?46 E96:C A62<]k^DEC@?8m r:E2E:@?D C624965 bf[`bc :? `hgh 2?5 76== E@ e[`b_ :? a_ad[ 564=:?:?8 gb]dT @G6C E92E A6C:@5]k^=:mk^F=m
k9am(9:49 x?5FDEC:6D w2G6 E96 |@DE w2K2C5 r@>>F?:42E:@? ':@=2E:@?Dnk^9am
kAmk6>m%96 >2?F724EFC:?8 2?5 4@?DECF4E:@? :?5FDEC:6D 244@F?E 7@C >@C6 E92? 92=7 @7 2== w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D :? E96 &]$]k^6>mk^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 H:5E9lQ`__TQ DC4lQ9EEADi^^5`IfB;dC=9a6`h]4=@F57C@?E]?6E^HA\4@?E6?E^FA=@25D^a_ae^_b^`e`b_g_a^r92CE`0(92E\x?5FDEC:6D\w2G6\E96\|@DE\w2K2C5\r@>>F?:42E:@?\':@=2E:@?D]A?8Q ^mk^7:8FC6m
kAm$@FC46i %C246 ~?6 2?2=JD:D @7 ~44FA2E:@?2= $276EJ 2?5 w62=E9 p5>:?:DEC2E:@? W~$wpX 52E2k^Am
kAmw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D 2C6 962G:=J 4@?46?EC2E65 :? 2 D>2== ?F>36C @7 :?5FDEC:6D] uC@> a_a` E@ a_ad[ E96 >2?F724EFC:?8 :?5FDECJ C64@C565 `_[_a` G:@=2E:@?D—E96 9:896DE E@E2= @7 2?J D64E@C—7@==@H65 3J E96 4@?DECF4E:@? :?5FDECJ H:E9 g[efg G:@=2E:@?D] %@86E96C[ E96D6 EH@ D64E@CD 244@F?E 7@C d_]eT @7 2== w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D ?2E:@?H:56 5FC:?8 E96 7:G6\J62C A6C:@5] %96 ?6IE E:6C @7 :?5FDEC:6D C6A@CE65 D:8?:7:42?E=J =@H6C E@E2=D[ :?4=F5:?8 p44@>>@52E:@? U2>Aj u@@5 $6CG:46D Wa[`gh G:@=2E:@?DX[ #6E2:= %C256 Wa[__dX[ 2?5 !F3=:4 p5>:?:DEC2E:@? W`[fdeX[ H9:=6 D64E@CD H:E9 =6DD 7C6BF6?E 6IA@DFC6 E@ 496>:42= 92K2C5D[ DF49 2D u:?2?46 U2>Aj x?DFC2?46 W`bX 2?5 x?7@C>2E:@? Wg`X[ C64@C565 4@>A2C2E:G6=J 76H 4:E2E:@?D]k^Am
kAmx?DA64E:@? E@E2=D AC@G:56 255:E:@?2= 4@?E6IE] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]@D92]8@G^=2HD\C68D^DE2?52C5:?E6CAC6E2E:@?D^`hhb\_h\aaQm~$wpk^2m 5@6D ?@E :?DA64E H@C<A=246D D@=6=J @? 2 7:I65 D4965F=6] x?DE625[ E96 286?4J AC:@C:E:K6D :?DA64E:@?D 32D65 @? :>>:?6?E 52?86C D:EF2E:@?D[ D6G6C6 :?;FC:6D @C 72E2=:E:6D[ 2?5 7@C>2= 4@>A=2:?ED—>2?J @7 H9:49 @C:8:?2E6 7C@> 6>A=@J66D @C =23@C C6AC6D6?E2E:G6D] x? 255:E:@?[ aa DE2E6D 2?5 ;FC:D5:4E:@?D @A6C2E6 ~$wp\2AAC@G65 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]@D92]8@G^DE2E6A=2?DQm$E2E6 !=2?k^2m AC@8C2>D E92E 4@?5F4E E96:C @H? :?DA64E:@?D 2?5 D92C6 6?7@C46>6?E 52E2 H:E9 7656C2= ~$wp]k^Am
kAmuC@> a_a` E@ a_ad[ ~$wp 4@?5F4E65 `d_[gba :?DA64E:@?D :? 4@?DECF4E:@?[ >@C6 E92? EH:46 E96 ec[hf` :?DA64E:@?D :? >2?F724EFC:?8[ C67=64E:?8 4@?DECF4E:@?’D D:K6 2?5 C:D< AC@7:=6] *6E 56DA:E6 E9:D 96:89E6?65 D4CFE:?J[ @?=J a]dT @7 4@?DECF4E:@? :?DA64E:@?D C6DF=E65 :? 2E =62DE @?6 w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?—@?6 @7 E96 =@H6DE C2E6D 2>@?8 >2;@C :?5FDEC:6D] qJ 4@?EC2DE[ g]gT @7 >2?F724EFC:?8 :?DA64E:@?D =65 E@ 2 G:@=2E:@?[ DF886DE:?8 E92E H9:=6 4@?DECF4E:@? :D :?DA64E65 >@C6 7C6BF6?E=J[ >2?F724EFC:?8 :?DA64E:@?D 2C6 >@C6 =:<6=J E@ F?4@G6C w2Kr@> 567:4:6?4:6D]k^Am
k9am(96C6 pC6 w2K2C5 r@>>F?:42E:@? ':@=2E:@?D ~44FCC:?8nk^9am
kAmk6>m|2CJ=2?5 =625D E96 &]$] :? w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D H:E9 c[bf_ 7C@> a_a` E@ a_adk^6>mk^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 H:5E9lQ`__TQ DC4lQ9EEADi^^5`IfB;dC=9a6`h]4=@F57C@?E]?6E^HA\4@?E6?E^FA=@25D^a_ae^_b^`e`b_g_c^r92CEa0(96C6\pC6\w2K2C5\r@>>F?:42E:@?\':@=2E:@?D\~44FCC:?8]A?8Q ^mk^7:8FC6m
kAm$@FC46i %C246 ~?6 2?2=JD:D @7 ~44FA2E:@?2= $276EJ 2?5 w62=E9 p5>:?:DEC2E:@? W~$wpX 2?5 &]$] qFC62F @7 {23@C $E2E:DE:4D 52E2k^Am
kAmw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D 2C6 ?@E 6G6?=J 5:DEC:3FE65 24C@DD E96 4@F?ECJ] |2CJ=2?5 C64@C565 E96 >@DE G:@=2E:@?D Wc[bf_X[ 7@==@H65 3J %6??6DD66 Wb[`dhX 2?5 |:49:82? Wa[``bX—DE2E6D H:E9 DF3DE2?E:2= >2?F724EFC:?8 2?5 4@?DECF4E:@? 24E:G:EJ[ E96 EH@ :?5FDEC:6D E92E 244@F?E 7@C >@C6 E92? 92=7 @7 2== w2Kr@> 4:E2E:@?D ?2E:@?H:56] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]3=D]8@G^628^628]>:]9E>Qm|:49:82?k^2m 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]3=D]8@G^C68:@?D^D@FE962DE^E6??6DD66]9E>Qm%6??6DD66k^2m C2?< 2>@?8 E96 ?2E:@?’D =625:?8 >2?F724EFC:?8 DE2E6D[ A2CE:4F=2C=J :? >@E@C G69:4=6 AC@5F4E:@? 2?5 25G2?465 >2?F724EFC:?8] |2CJ=2?5’D 6=6G2E65 E@E2=D 2=:8? >@C6 4=@D6=J H:E9 :ED D:8?:7:42?E 4@?DECF4E:@? D64E@C[ DFAA@CE65 :? A2CE 3J k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]H2C]8@G^}6HD^#6=62D6D^#6=62D6^pCE:4=6^bhbdefg^5@5\C6=62D6D\C6A@CE\@?\5676?D6\DA6?5:?8\3J\DE2E6\:?\7:D42=\J62C\a_ab^Qm5676?D6\C6=2E65 :?7C2DECF4EFC6 DA6?5:?8 2?5 7656C2= 4@?EC24E:?8k^2m 2C@F?5 E96 (2D9:?8E@?[ s]r] C68:@?[ H96C6 E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E :D 2 >2;@C 64@?@>:4 5C:G6C]k^Am
kAm(96? 25;FDE65 7@C H@C<7@C46 D:K6[ E96 86@8C2A9:4 =2?5D42A6 D9:7ED] p=2D<2 C64@C5D E96 9:896DE C2E6 2E cc]f w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D A6C `__[___ H@C<6CD[ 7@==@H65 3J |2CJ=2?5 Wbh]_X 2?5 s6=2H2C6 Wae]dX[ H9:=6 %6??6DD66 Waa]aX 2?5 ~C68@? Wa`]dX 2=D@ C2?< 2>@?8 E96 9:896DE @? 2 A6C\H@C<6C 32D:D] q642FD6 ~$wp :?DA64E:@?D 2C6 @7E6? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]@D92]8@G^H@C<6CD^92?5=:?8Qm4@>A=2:?E\5C:G6?k^2m @C E2C86E65 C2E96C E92? F?:7@C>=J 5:DEC:3FE65 24C@DD 2== H@C<A=246D[ >62DFC:?8 G:@=2E:@?D @? 2 A6C\H@C<6C 32D:D AC@G:56D 2 4=62C6C G:6H @7 6?7@C46>6?E :?E6?D:EJ C6=2E:G6 E@ 2 DE2E6’D =23@C 7@C46 D:K6] x? D>2==6C DE2E6D DF49 2D p=2D<2 2?5 s6=2H2C6[ 4@?46?EC2E65 :?5FDEC:2= 24E:G:EJ H:E9:? 2 C6=2E:G6=J D>2== H@C<7@C46 42? EC2?D=2E6 :?E@ 6=6G2E65 G:@=2E:@? C2E6D[ 6G6? H96? E@E2= 4:E2E:@? 4@F?ED 2C6 =@H6C E92? E9@D6 :? =2C86C >2?F724EFC:?8 DE2E6D] r@?G6CD6=J[ 2 A@AF=@FD DE2E6 =:<6 r2=:7@C?:2 H:E9 2 G2DE 2?5 5:G6CD6 H@C<7@C46 @?=J 92D _]b w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D A6C `__[___ H@C<6CD]k^Am
k9amw@H pC6 w2K2C5 r@>>F?:42E:@? ':@=2E:@?D %C6?5:?8nk^9am
kAmk6>mp7E6C A62<:?8 :? `hgh[ w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D 92G6 366? 564=:?:?8 6G6C D:?46k^6>mk^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 H:5E9lQ`__TQ DC4lQ9EEADi^^5`IfB;dC=9a6`h]4=@F57C@?E]?6E^HA\4@?E6?E^FA=@25D^a_ae^_b^`e`b_g_d^r92CEb0w@H\pC6\w2K2C5\r@>>F?:42E:@?\':@=2E:@?D\%C6?5:?8]A?8Q ^mk^7:8FC6m
kAm$@FC46i %C246 ~?6 2?2=JD:D @7 ~44FA2E:@?2= $276EJ 2?5 w62=E9 p5>:?:DEC2E:@? W~$wpX 52E2k^Am
kAmw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D A62<65 2E bf[`bc 4:E2E:@?D :? `hgh[ D9@CE=J 27E6C ~$wp’D w2K2C5 r@>>F?:42E:@? $E2?52C5—7:CDE :DDF65 :? `hgb—H2D 7F==J :>A=6>6?E65 2?5 6IA2?565 E@ 4@G6C >@DE AC:G2E6\D64E@C 6>A=@J6CD] %96 CF=6 H2D 25@AE65 E@ 255C6DD H:56DAC625 H@C<6C 6IA@DFC6 E@ 92K2C5@FD 496>:42=D H:E9@FE 4@?D:DE6?E =236=:?8[ D276EJ 52E2 D966ED W$s$X[ @C EC2:?:?8 C6BF:C6>6?ED] pD:56 7C@> 2 AC@?@F?465 564C62D6 :? `hhd—H96? E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^4=:?E@?H9:E69@FD6e]2C49:G6D]8@G^`hhd^_d^`hhd\_d\`e\AC6D:56?E\2?5\G:46\AC6D:56?E\2??@F?46\@D92\C67@C>]9E>=Qmr=:?E@? 25>:?:DEC2E:@?k^2m D9:7E65 ~$wp E@ 6>A92D:K6 4@@A6C2E:G6 AC@8C2>D 2?5 C65F46 C68F=2E@CJ 3FC56?—2??F2= w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D C6>2:?65 C6=2E:G6=J 7=2E E9C@F89 E96 62C=J a___D]k^Am
kAm|@C6 C646?E=J[ e[`b_ w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D H6C6 C64@C565 :? a_ad[ C6AC6D6?E:?8 2 564=:?6 @7 gb]dT 7C@> E96 `hgh A62<] (9:=6 6?7@C46>6?E =6G6=D C6>2:? 72C =@H6C E92? E96 564256D AC:@C[ E9@FD2?5D @7 4:E2E:@?D 2C6 DE:== :DDF65 2??F2==J] %96 3C@256C 25@AE:@? @7 5:8:E2= 4@>A=:2?46 DJDE6>D—:?4=F5:?8 2FE@>2E65 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]EC246@?6]4@>^69D\D@7EH2C6^D276EJ\52E2\D966ED\D@7EH2C6Qm$276EJ s2E2 $966E W$s$X >2?286>6?E A=2E7@C>Dk^2m E92E 46?EC2=:K6 496>:42= :?G6?E@C:6D[ FA52E6 92K2C5 4=2DD:7:42E:@?D[ 2?5 DE2?52C5:K6 =236=:?8—92D =:<6=J 4@?EC:3FE65 E@ :>AC@G65 5@4F>6?E2E:@? 244FC24J 2?5 C68F=2E@CJ 2=:8?>6?E[ 96=A:?8 =2C86 6>A=@J6CD C65F46 4@>A=:2?46 82AD @G6C E:>6]k^Am
kAmw6C6 :D 2 DF>>2CJ @7 E96 52E2 7@C p=232>2ik^Am
kF=mk=:mkDEC@?8mw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D A6C `__< H@C<6CDik^DEC@?8m d]ak^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m%@E2= w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?Dik^DEC@?8m cd_k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m$92C6 @7 :?DA64E:@?D H:E9 2 w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?ik^DEC@?8m d]_Tk^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m%@E2= w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@? A6?2=E:6Dik^DEC@?8m S`hd[ag_k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m|@DE 4@>>@? w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?ik^DEC@?8m |:DD:?8 496>:42= D276EJ EC2:?:?8k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m|@DE 4@>>@? :?5FDECJ 7@C w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?Dik^DEC@?8m |2?F724EFC:?8k^=:mk^F=m
kAmu@C C676C6?46[ 96C6 2C6 E96 DE2E:DE:4D 7@C E96 6?E:C6 &?:E65 $E2E6Dik^Am
kF=mk=:mkDEC@?8mw2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?D A6C `__< H@C<6CDik^DEC@?8m d]ek^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m%@E2= w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?Dik^DEC@?8m be[hgck^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m$92C6 @7 :?DA64E:@?D H:E9 2 w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?ik^DEC@?8m d]dTk^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m%@E2= w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@? A6?2=E:6Dik^DEC@?8m Sba[bhb[`a_k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m|@DE 4@>>@? w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?ik^DEC@?8m }@ HC:EE6? D276EJ A=2?k^=:mk=:mkDEC@?8m|@DE 4@>>@? :?5FDECJ 7@C w2Kr@> G:@=2E:@?Dik^DEC@?8m |2?F724EFC:?8k^=:mk^F=m
kAmu@C >@C6 :?7@C>2E:@?[ 2 56E2:=65 >6E9@5@=@8J[ 2?5 4@>A=6E6 C6DF=ED[ D66 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]EC246@?6]4@>^C6D@FC46D^A=>\4@>A=:2?46\3=@8^H96C6\FD\6>A=@J6CD\72:=\E@\H2C?\H@C<6CD\23@FE\496>:42=\52?86CDQm(96C6 &]$] t>A=@J6CD u2:= E@ (2C? (@C<6CD p3@FE r96>:42= s2?86CDk^2m @? %C246 ~?6]k^Am