The sun was not quite up as Eric Helera unlocked the doors of his jeepney, wiped down its two long passenger benches, and checked his brake fluid before another day ferrying Manila commuters.
The makeshift minibus named Princess is part of a smoke-belching, colourfully decorated fleet that forms the backbone of a Philippine transportation sector being hammered by surging fuel prices driven by the US-Israeli war with Iran.
kAm{:<6 >@DE ;66A?6JD[ !C:?46DD CF?D @? 5:6D6=[ E96 4@DE @7 H9:49 92D 9:E 9:DE@C:4 9:89D :? E96 2C49:A6=28@ ?2E:@? D:?46 E96 A2CE:2= 4=@DFC6 @7 E96 $EC2:E @7 w@C>FK]k^Am
kAmw6=6C2[ cb[ :D 5C:G:?8 D9@CE6C C@FE6D 3FE =@?86C 52JD :? C6DA@?D6[ C@FE:?6=J H@C<:?8 `g 9@FCD E@ 6?DFC6 96 92D D@>6E9:?8 =67E @G6C 27E6C 3FJ:?8 7F6= 2?5 4@G6C:?8 QE96 3@F?52CJQ[ E96 2>@F?E 96 @H6D E96 ;66A?6JVD @H?6C 6249 52J]k^Am
kAmQ%96 >2C8:?D 2C6 C62==J E9:? ?@H 3642FD6 @7 E96 D<JC@4<6E:?8 5:6D6= AC:46D[Q 96 E@=5 pu! H9:=6 D:AA:?8 :?DE2?E 4@7766 7C@> 2 A2A6C 4FA @FED:56 9:D ?6:893@FC9@@5 8C@46CJ]k^Am
kAmQ$@>6E:>6D x 62C? =6DD E92? d__ A6D@D W23@FE SgX 2 52J[Q 96 D2:5 @7 D9:7ED E92E 42? DEC6E49 F?E:= >:5?:89E]k^Am
kAmq67@C6 E96 |:55=6 t2DE H2C[ 96 4@F=5 4@>7@CE23=J 4=62C E96 D2>6 2>@F?E 3J =F?49E:>6]k^Am
kAmQ%96C6VD 366? 2 9F86 25;FDE>6?E 2E 9@>6[Q 96 D2:5 @7 =:76 :? E96 EH@\DE@CJ |2?:=2 9@FD6 96 D92C6D H:E9 9:D H:76[ D6G6? 49:=5C6?[ 2?5 EH@ @E96C 72>:=:6D]k^Am
kAmQ|J 49:=5C6? … ?665 >@?6J 7@C D49@@= AC@;64ED 2?5 DEF77 =:<6 E92E[ 2?5 H6 5@?VE 92G6 :E ?@H[Q w6=6C2 E@=5 pu! ;@FC?2=:DED H9@ DA6?E A2CE @7 E96 52J EC2G6==:?8 H:E9 9:>]k^Am
kAmp Q7F== 3C62<72DE H:E9 C:46Q H2D ?@H 2 =FIFCJ E@ 36 6?;@J65 @? @?=J E@A 62C?:?8 52JD[ 96 D2:5]k^Am
kAmQx ?665 `_ A2DD6?86CD @C >@C6 7@C 6249 EC:A] q6=@H E92E[ 2?5 x 5@?VE 62C? 2?JE9:?8[Q 96 42=4F=2E65[ 255:?8 E96 ;66A?6J C2? 2E :ED 7F== `e\A6CD@? 42A24:EJ @?=J 92=7 2 5@K6? E:>6D 2 52J]k^Am
kAmuF6= 9:<6D 96 42==65 E96 Q>@DE D6G6C6Q 96 925 6G6C D66? 925 7@C465 9:> E@ 5C@A =@?86C C@FE6D H96C6 E96 A2DD6?86C =@25 4@F=5 ?@E ;FDE:7J E96 4@DE @7 5:6D6=]k^Am
kAm~? %F6D52J[ E96 AC:46 ;F>A65 282:? 3J 2C@F?5 `e A6C46?E[ H:E9 AC:46D FA E@ `bc]b_ A6D@D A6C =:EC6 2E D@>6 AF>AD[ E96 9:896DE :? E96 4@F?ECJVD 9:DE@CJ]k^Am
kAmy66A?6J 5C:G6C F?:@?D 92G6 366? 56>2?5:?8 72C6 :?4C62D6D E@ 96=A 4@G6C E96 3FC56?[ H:E9 @?6 =2DE H66< @C82?:D:?8 2 QDEC:<6Q E92E 76H 5C:G6CD 4@F=5 277@C5 E@ ;@:?]k^Am
kAmp 72C6 9:<6 2FE9@C:D65 3J E96 4@F?ECJVD EC2?DA@CE C68F=2E@C[ >62?H9:=6[ H2D BF2D965 3J !C6D:56?E u6C5:?2?5 |2C4@D 2 52J 27E6C :E H2D 2??@F?465]k^Am
kAmQxV> @? E96 D:56 @7 E96 ;66A?6J 5C:G6CD[Q D2=6D4=6C< %C:I:6 qCF>F6=2 D2:5 @7 A@E6?E:2==J AC:4:6C C:56D]k^Am
kAmQuF6= AC:46D C@D6 3FE 72C6D 5:5?VE[ D@ E96JVC6 =@D:?8 >@?6J[Q E96 bd\J62C\@=5 E@=5 pu! @FED:56 @?6 @7 |2?:=2VD F3:BF:E@FD ;66A?6J E6C>:?2=D[ H9:=6 4@?465:?8 D96 H2D DECF88=:?8 E@ >2<6 6?5D >66E 96CD6=7]k^Am
kAmQx E@=5 >JD6=7 E@ DE@A DA6?5:?8 @? 2?JE9:?8 2A2CE 7C@> >J 32D:4 ?665D] x C6D@=G65 E@ DE@A 3FJ:?8 @E96C DEF77[Q D96 D2:5]k^Am
kAm}62C 2?@E96C E6C>:?2=[ 4@==686 7C6D9>2? yF=:2?2 %@?6=6E6 E@=5 pu! E92E H9:=6 D96 DJ>A2E9:D65 H:E9 E96 A=:89E @7 5C:G6CD[ 96C @H? 7:?2?4:2= D:EF2E:@? E@@< AC:@C:EJ]k^Am
kAmQx E9:?< E96:C C624E:@? :D G2=:5 8:G6? 9:896C AF>A AC:46D[ 3FE 2D 2 4@>>FE6C[ 2D 2 DEF56?E H:E9 2 =:>:E65 3F586E[ :EVD 5:77:4F=E[Q D96 D2:5]k^Am
kAmw6=6C2 D2:5 E96 4@DE @7 7F6= 925 7@C465 D@>6 76==@H 5C:G6CD E@ 232?5@? E96 ;@3 6?E:C6=J]k^Am
kAmQ$@>6 H6?E 324< E@ E96:C 9@>6 AC@G:?46D[ @E96CD =@@<65 7@C @E96C =:?6D @7 H@C<]]]] xV> 2=D@ 4@?D:56C:?8 E92E @AE:@?[ 3642FD6 H6 ?@ =@?86C 62C? 2?JE9:?8]Qk^Am
kAmw6 H@CC:65 9:D @H? @AE:@?D[ 9@H6G6C[ H6C6 =:>:E65]k^Am
kAmQ|2J36 4@?DECF4E:@?] x @?=J H6?E E@ 9:89 D49@@=]Qk^Am
kAmp?5 H9:=6 2 8@G6C?>6?E 42D9 92?5@FE 6IA64E65 @? (65?6D52J \\ E96 7:CDE 7@C 6>32EE=65 ;66A?6J 5C:G6CD \\ H@F=5 36 H6=4@>6[ Qd[___ A6D@D … H@?VE 42CCJ J@F E92E 72C[Q w6=6C2 D2:5]k^Am
kAmQxEVD D25[Q 96 25565[ 2D 9:D ;66A?6J D=@H=J 7:==65 H:E9 6G6?:?8 4@>>FE6CD]k^Am
kAmQxE 766=D 2D E9@F89 J@F H2?E E@ 8:G6 FA[ 3FE J@F 2=D@ <?@H J@F 42?VE DFCC6?56C 3642FD6 J@F 92G6 2 72>:=J]Qk^Am
kAmw6=6C2 ?@E65 H:E9 2 D:89 E92E 96 925 J6E E@ C6249 E96 Q3@F?52CJQ 27E6C ?62C=J `` 9@FCD @? E96 C@25]k^Am
kAmQxEVD 366? 2 D=@H 52J[Q 96 D2:5]k^Am
kAmQxV== ?665 E@ 5C:G6 :?E@ E96 ?:89E]Qk^Am
kAm48>\4H=^2?6^468k^Am



