The Richmond Carbine factory was moved from Richmond, Virginia, to Tallassee, Alabama, in the summer of 1864. Col. Josiah Gorgas, Chief of the Confederate Ordinance Bureau, selected Tallassee because it was an out-of-the-way, secure location. The factory was situated in the original Tallassee Textile Mill that was built in 1844, now known as the Confederate Armory.

In July of 1864, Union Maj. Gen. Lovell H. Rousseau swept across Alabama with 2,500 raiders armed with Spencer Repeating Carbines. The Calvary’s mission was to burn and destroy railroad bridges, buildings and supplies. On July 18, Rousseau sent Maj. Baird, the commander of the 5th Iowa, along with a detachment of the 4th Tennessee Union Cavalry, to Chehaw Station with the task of destroying railroads, bridges and mills along the way.Â