Back-to-school shopping is expected to reach a record $146.8 billion this year, driven in part by college spending that crossed $100 billion for the first time. Families with K-12 students plan to spend an average of $864 each. For parents sending a student to college, that number climbs to nearly $1,438.
The basics take care of themselves. What takes more thought are which products are worth spending money on that make the rest of the year easier. The ones that get the sleep routine right, make a shared space feel like somewhere worth being and turn the daily grind of school into something a little more manageable.
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