(LOS ANGELES) The fate of President Donald Trump’s estimated US$400 million White House ballroom may hinge on the little-known and somewhat surprising rules as to when the federal government and its agencies can accept privately donated funds.
That’s because Trump’s using the fact that he’s been accepting private donations to pay for at least some of the project’s cost as a justification for not needing Congress’ explicit authorization.
kAm(9:=6 2 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^>65:2]4254]FD4@FCED]8@G^@A:?:@?D^5@4D^a_ae^_g^ae\d`ab\a`gf_he]A57Qm7656C2= 2AA62=D 4@FCE @? pF8] f[ a_ae[ 5:D28C665k^2m H:E9 E96 %CF>A 25>:?:DEC2E:@?[ E96 $FAC6>6 r@FCE @? pF8] b` D2:5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]DFAC6>64@FCE]8@G^@A:?:@?D^adA57^ae2a_b0a3g6]A57Qm4@?DECF4E:@? 4@F=5 8@ @?k^2m] %96 d\c >2;@C:EJ 7@F?5 E92E E96 AC6D6CG2E:@?:DED H9@ 3C@F89E E96 42D6 =24<65 DE2?5:?8[ @C =682= 8C@F?5D[ E@ 3C:?8 :E :? E96 7:CDE A=246 3642FD6 E96J H6C6 ?@E 5:C64E=J 92C>65 3J E96 32==C@@> AC@;64E] %96 >2;@C:EJ 5:5 ?@E 255C6DD E96 F?56C=J:?8 =682= :DDF6D[ H9:49 >2J @C >2J ?@E 36 C6D@=G65 2E 2 =2E6C 52E6]k^Am
kAmpD 2 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^=2H]F4=2]65F^724F=EJ^724F=EJ\AC@7:=6D^6==6?\A\2AC:==QmD49@=2C @7 ?@?AC@7:E 2?5 E2I\6I6>AE =2Hk^2m H9@ 92D DEF5:65 7@C 564256D 9@H E96 =2H 8@G6C?D 565F4E:3=6 492C:E23=6 4@?EC:3FE:@?D[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^C6A@D:E@CJ]F4=2HD7]65F^92DE:?8D0=2H0;@FC?2=^G@=fc^:DDe^a^Qm:?4=F5:?8 E9@D6 E@ E96 8@G6C?>6?Ek^2m[ x 7:?5 E92E E9:D 42D6 42==D 7@C 2? 6IA=2?2E:@? @7 E96 C@=6 E92E DF49 AC:G2E6 5@?2E:@?D >2J A=2J :? 2?J 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E AC@;64E @C 24E:G:EJ] p? :?EC:42E6 DE2EFE@CJ 52?46 :D C6BF:C65 7@C E2IA2J6CD E@ >2<6 5@?2E:@?D E@ A2CE:4F=2C 8@G6C?>6?E 286?4:6D @C 7@C A2CE:4F=2C 8@G6C?>6?E AFCA@D6D]k^Am
k9amv:G:?8 E@ E96 8@G6C?>6?Ek^9am
kAm*@F >2J ?@E C62=:K6 E92E J@F 42? >2<6 A@E6?E:2==J E2I\565F4E:3=6 4@?EC:3FE:@?D E@ E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E :ED6=7] p? @77:4:2= k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A2J]8@G^AF3=:4^D62C49^8=@32=n7@C>$62C49r2E68@CJls@?2E:@?Zr@?EC:3FE:@?QmH63D:E6 =:DED 2=>@DE EH@ 5@K6? AC@8C2>Dk^2m[ :?4=F5:?8 E96 }2E:@?2= t?5@H>6?E 7@C E96 wF>2?:E:6D[ E96 }2E:@?2= pC3@C6EF> 2?5 p>6C:r@CAD[ E@ H9:49 &?:E65 $E2E6D 4:E:K6?D 42? 5@?2E6]k^Am
kAmqFE DF49 5@?2E:@?D E@ 8@G6C?>6?E 286?4:6D 2C6 2==@H65 @?=J :7 r@?8C6DD 92D 8C2?E65 E96 286?4J DE2EFE@CJ 2FE9@C:EJ E@ C646:G6 E9@D6 7F?5D] |@C6@G6C[ 2FE9@C:K65 AC:G2E6 5@?2E:@?D 2C6 EC62E65 2D :7 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]82@]8@G^2DD6ED^82@\_e\bgaDA]A57QmE96J 92G6 366? 2AAC@AC:2E65 3J r@?8C6DDk^2m]k^Am
kAm%96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^J2=6=2H;@FC?2=]@C8^2CE:4=6^4@?8C6DD\A@H6C\@7\E96\AFCD6Qm7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 92D 2446AE65 5@?2E:@?Dk^2m G@=F?E2C:=J >256 3J p>6C:42?D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^DFAC6>6];FDE:2]4@>^42D6D^7656C2=^FD^bbh^gf^QmD:?46 :ED 7@F?5:?8k^2m]k^Am
kAm(92E’D >@C6[ E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^7:D42=]EC62DFCJ]8@G^23@FE\FDQmqFC62F @7 u:D42= $6CG:46Dk^2m – E96 46?EC2= 32?< 244@F?E 2?5 7:?2?4:2= >2?286C 7@C E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E – k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^7:D42=]EC62DFCJ]8@G^7:?2?4:?8^8:7ED\E@\8@G6C?>6?EQm6IA=2:?Dk^2m E92E :E “>2J 2446AE 8:7ED 5@?2E65 E@ E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D v@G6C?>6?E” 2?5 E92E E96 244@F?E 7@C DF49 8:7ED[ H9:49 52E6D 324< E@ `gcb[ H2D 6DE23=:D965 “E@ 2446AE 8:7ED[ DF49 2D 36BF6DED[ 7C@> :?5:G:5F2=D H:D9:?8 E@ 6IAC6DD E96:C A2EC:@E:D> E@ E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D]” $F49 8:7ED[ 9@H6G6C[ 2C6 DF3;64E E@ C6DEC:4E:@?D]k^Am
kAmx? E9:D 4@?E6IE[ 244@C5:?8 E@ E96 C62D@?:?8 @7 E96 >2;@C:EJ :? E96 2AA62=D 4@FCE 42D6[ E92E >62?D DA6?5:?8 5@?2E65 7F?5D E@ AC6D6CG6 E96 6I:DE:?8 t2DE (:?8 H@F=5 92G6 366? 2FE@>2E:42==J 2==@H65 3642FD6 :E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?AD]8@G^H99@^:?56I]9E>QmDE@@5 @? 2 ?2E:@?2= A2C<k^2m[ 2?5 E96 }2E:@?2= !2C< $6CG:46 :D 2? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^FD4@56]9@FD6]8@G^G:6H]I9E>=nC6Bl8C2?F=6:5i&$r\AC6=:>\E:E=6dc\D64E:@?`_``_`Rl_U2>Aj65:E:@?lAC6=:>Qm286?4J E@ H9:49 :?5:G:5F2=D 42? 5@?2E6k^2mj DA6?5:?8 E9@D6 7F?5D E@ 3F:=5 D@>6E9:?8 ?6H E@ C6A=246 E92E DECF4EFC6 H@F=5 ?@E 36 2==@H65 F?=6DD r@?8C6DD 925 2FE9@C:K65 E96 AC@;64E]k^Am
kAmqFE E96 %CF>A 25>:?:DEC2E:@? 92D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]D6?2E6]8@G^=68:D=2E:G6^{x$^C@==042==0G@E6D^G@E6``ha^G@E60``h0a0__`bh]9E>Qm72:=65 D@ 72Ck^2m E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A@=:E:4@]4@>^?6HD^a_ae^_d^a_^32==C@@>\D64FC:EJ\7F?5:?8\C64@?4:=:2E:@?\__hb_`hbQm@3E2:? E96 ?66565 4@?8C6DD:@?2= 2FE9@C:K2E:@?k^2m 2?5 2AAC@AC:2E:@?D 7@C E96 32==C@@>]k^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 2=ElQp 3:8 >249:?6 4=62CD CF33=6 ?6IE E@ E96 (9:E6 w@FD6]Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^fddadd^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_ae_ga_\d_\56GgH3];A8n:I=:3lC3\c]`]`U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>Aj7:El4=:AU2>AjHlfc_Q ^mk7:842AE:@?mp? 6I42G2E@C 4=62CD CF33=6 27E6C E96 t2DE (:?8 @7 E96 (9:E6 w@FD6 H2D 56>@=:D965 @? ~4E] ab[ a_ad] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]86EEJ:>286D]4@>^56E2:=^?6HD\A9@E@^H2D9:?8E@?\54\2?\6I42G2E@C\H@C<D\E@\4=62C\CF33=6\27E6C\E96\?6HD\A9@E@^aacagcgdd_n25AA@AFAlECF6QmtC:4 {66^v6EEJ x>286D G:2 %96 r@?G6CD2E:@?k^2mk^7:842AE:@?mk^7:8FC6m
k9am$E2EFE@CJ C6DEC:4E:@?Dk^9am
kAm$:?46 `hga[ 2 AC@G:D:@? @7 E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D r@56[ E96 @77:4:2= 4@5:7:42E:@? @7 2== E96 ?2E:@?’D 86?6C2= 2?5 A6C>2?6?E 7656C2= DE2EFE6D[ 92D C6BF:C65 E92E E96D6 “A2EC:@E:4” 5@?2E:@?D 36 56G@E65 6I4=FD:G6=J E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]=2H]4@C?6==]65F^FD4@56^E6IE^b`^b``bQmC65F4:?8 E96 ?2E:@?2= 563Ek^2m]k^Am
kAmqJ =2H[ 7656C2= 286?4:6D 42??@E 2F8>6?E 4@?8C6DD:@?2= 2AAC@AC:2E:@?D] %96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^C6A@D:E@CJ]F4=2HD7]65F^92DE:?8D0=2H0;@FC?2=^G@=fc^:DDe^a^Qm|:D46==2?6@FD #646:AED p4Ek^2m C6BF:C6D E92E “2? @77:4:2= @C 286?E @7 E96 v@G6C?>6?E C646:G:?8 >@?6J 7@C E96 v@G6C?>6?E 7C@> 2?J D@FC46 D92== 56A@D:E E96 >@?6J :? E96 %C62DFCJ 2D D@@? 2D AC24E:423=6 H:E9@FE 565F4E:@? 7@C 2?J 492C86 @C 4=2:>]”k^Am
kAms6DA:E6 E9:D D66>:?8=J 23D@=FE6 =2?8F286[ 8@G6C?>6?E 286?4:6D 2C6 A6C>:EE65 E@ 2446AE 8:7ED @7 >@?6J @C @E96C AC@A6CEJ H96? – 2?5 E@ E96 6IE6?E – E96J 2C6 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]82@]8@G^2DD6ED^a`_^a_ag`h]A57Qm8:G6? 6IA=:4:E DE2EFE@CJ 2FE9@C:EJk^2m]k^Am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^F4=2D49@@=@7=2H\>J]D92C6A@:?E]4@>^A6CD@?2=^2AC:==0=2H0F4=2065F^s@4F>6?ED^s@4F>6?ED^v@G6C?>6?E2=Ta_r92C:E23=6Ta_t?E:E:6D^aaTa_&]$]r]Ta_TraTpfTa_aehfW2XQmp86?4:6D H:E9 E96 2FE9@C:EJ E@ 2446AE 8:7EDk^2m :?4=F56 E96 yFDE:46 s6A2CE>6?E[ E96 $E2E6 s6A2CE>6?E 2?5 E96 {:3C2CJ @7 r@?8C6DD]k^Am
kAmqFE 2?J >@?6J[ :?4=F5:?8 5@?2E65 7F?5D[ >FDE 36 DA6?E @?=J 2D r@?8C6DD 5:C64E65 :? 6DE23=:D9:?8 E96 286?4J >:DD:@?] %96 >:DD:@? @7 E96 }2E:@?2= !2C< $6CG:46 :D E96 4@?D6CG2E:@? 2?5 AC6D6CG2E:@? @7 E96 =2?5 2?5 DECF4EFC6D F?56C :ED ;FC:D5:4E:@?]k^Am
kAmx? 4@?EC2DE[ E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^ECF>AH9:E69@FD6]2C49:G6D]8@G^86E\:?G@=G65^HC:E6\@C\42==^Qm(9:E6 w@FD6 5@6D ?@Ek^2m 92G6 E9:D 2FE9@C:EJ] xED @H? H63D:E6 DE2E6D E92E :E “:D F?23=6 E@ 2446AE 42D9[ 4964<D[ 3@?5D … @C @E96C >@?6E2CJ 6BF:G2=6?ED” 2D 8:7ED 7C@> AC:G2E6 4:E:K6?D]k^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 2=ElQs@?2=5 %CF>A DA62<D E@ A6@A=6 :? 2 32==C@@> H:E9 8@=5\7C2>65 A2:?E:?8D]Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^fddade^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_ae_ga_\d_\g6A3HF];A8n:I=:3lC3\c]`]`U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>Aj7:El4=:AU2>AjHlfc_Q ^mk7:842AE:@?m!C6D:56?E s@?2=5 %CF>A DA62<D 5FC:?8 2 5:??6C H:E9 32==C@@> 5@?@CD :? E96 t2DE #@@> @7 E96 (9:E6 w@FD6 @? ~4E] `d[ a_ad] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]86EEJ:>286D]4@>^56E2:=^?6HD\A9@E@^FD\AC6D:56?E\5@?2=5\ECF>A\DA62<D\5FC:?8\2\5:??6C\H:E9\?6HD\A9@E@^aac_gbhcghn25AA@AFAlECF6Qmp?5C6H r232==6C@\#6J?@=5D^pu! G:2 v6EEJ x>286D G:2 %96 r@?G6CD2E:@?k^2mk^7:842AE:@?mk^7:8FC6m
k9am‘}@ :?DE2?46 :? p>6C:42? 9:DE@CJ’k^9am
kAm%92E’D :? A2CE H9J E96 &]$] r@FCE @7 pAA62=D 7@C E96 s:DEC:4E @7 r@=F>3:2 r:C4F:E 96=5 @? pF8] f E92E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^234?6HD]4@>^!@=:E:4D^ECF>A\42==D\H9:E6\9@FD6\32==C@@>\>:=:E2CJ\4@>A=6I\DFAC6>6^DE@CJn:5l`bdfga_dbQm%CF>A 4@F=5 ?@E 3F:=5 E96 32==C@@>k^2m @? E96 D:E6 @7 E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A3D]@C8^?6HD9@FC^A@=:E:4D^E96\62DE\H:?8\@7\E96\H9:E6\9@FD6\92D\366?\56>@=:D965\96C6D\2\=@@<\2E\:ED\9:DE@CJQm7@C>6C t2DE (:?8 3F:=5:?8k^2m]k^Am
kAm%96 EH@ ;F586D :? E96 >2;@C:EJ 4@?4=F565 E92E ?6:E96C E96 }2E:@?2= !2C< $6CG:46[ H9:49 :D E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?AD]8@G^H99@^:?56I]9E>QmDE6H2C5 7@C E96 ?2E:@?2= A2C<k^2m @? H9:49 E96 (9:E6 w@FD6 DE2?5D[ ?@C %CF>A 9:>D6=7 925 D2E:D7:65 2== E96 DE2EFE@CJ C6BF:C6>6?ED ?66565 E@ F?56CE2<6 3F:=5:?8 @7 E96 23@G6\8C@F?5 32==C@@>] xE 5:5 ?@E 3=@4< H@C< @? 2? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?AC]@C8^a_ae^_g^`f^?I\D`\dhb`fdg^ECF>A\H2?ED\E@\3F:=5\2?\6IA2?565\3F?<6C\F?56C\E96\H9:E6\9@FD6\2\9:DE@C:2?\H6:89D\:?QmF?56C8C@F?5 >:=:E2CJ 3F?<6Ck^2m E96 %CF>A 25>:?:DEC2E:@? 3682? C6?@G2E:?8 27E6C :E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^2A?6HD]4@>^2CE:4=6^ECF>A\H9:E6\9@FD6\32==C@@>\dfd`a6_5h`cba7fddahhce7557376a4dQm56>@=:D965 E96 t2DE (:?8 :? ~4E@36C a_adk^2m]k^Am
kAm%92E D@>6[ >@DE @C 6G6? 2== E96 7F?5:?8 4@>6D 7C@> AC:G2E6 5@?2E:@?D 5@6D ?@E AC@E64E E96 25>:?:DEC2E:@?’D C:89E E@ AC@4665 H:E9 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]H9:E69@FD6]8@G^3C:67:?8D\DE2E6>6?ED^a_ad^_f^E96\H9:E6\9@FD6\2??@F?46D\H9:E6\9@FD6\32==C@@>\4@?DECF4E:@?\E@\368:?^Qm4@?DECF4E:@? @7 E96 h_[___\DBF2C6\7@@Ek^2m Wg[be`\DBF2C6\>6E6CX 32==C@@> 3642FD6 :E 92D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A@=:E:4@]4@>^?6HD^a_ae^_d^a_^32==C@@>\D64FC:EJ\7F?5:?8\C64@?4:=:2E:@?\__hb_`hbQm72:=65 D@ 72C E@ @3E2:? 4@?8C6DD:@?2= 2FE9@C:K2E:@?k^2m 2?5 2AAC@AC:2E:@?D 7@C E9:D AC@;64E[ E96 >2;@C:EJ 6IA=2:?65]k^Am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^FD4@56]9@FD6]8@G^G:6H]I9E>=nC6Bl8C2?F=6:5i&$r\AC6=:>\E:E=6c_\D64E:@?g`_eRl_U2>Aj65:E:@?lAC6=:>QmrCF4:2= E@ E9:D 4@?4=FD:@? H2D 2 DE2EFE6k^2m 564=2C:?8[ “p 3F:=5:?8 @C DECF4EFC6 D92== ?@E 36 6C64E65 @? 2?J C6D6CG2E:@?[ A2C<[ @C AF3=:4 8C@F?5D @7 E96 u656C2= v@G6C?>6?E :? E96 s:DEC:4E @7 r@=F>3:2 H:E9@FE 6IAC6DD 2FE9@C:EJ @7 r@?8C6DD]”k^Am
kAm“(6 2C6 2H2C6 @7 ?@ :?DE2?46 :? p>6C:42? 9:DE@CJ :? H9:49 2 !C6D:56?E F?:=2E6C2==J 2?5 FD:?8 AC:G2E6=J 4@==64E65 7F?5D 56>@=:D965 DF3DE2?E:2= A@CE:@?D @7 E96 (9:E6 w@FD6 E92E r@?8C6DD 2FE9@C:K65 E@ 36 3F:=E 2?5 p>6C:42? E2IA2J6CD A2:5 7@C[” E96 >2;@C:EJ @A:?:@? D2JD] “&?E:= ?@H]”k^Am
kAm%96 7@FC 5:DD6?E:?8 ;FDE:46D :? E96 pF8] b` $FAC6>6 r@FCE 564:D:@? D66>65 E@ 28C66 E92E E96C6 :D “k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]HD;]4@>^FD\?6HD^=2H^DFAC6>6\4@FCE\2==@HD\ECF>A\E@\<66A\3F:=5:?8\H9:E6\9@FD6\32==C@@>\5cd2f4`4n>@5l9A0=6250A@D`Qm2? 2AA2C6?E 23D6?46 @7 DE2EFE@CJ 2FE9@C:EJk^2m” 7@C E96 AC@;64E[ ?@E:?8 E92E r@?8C6DD >FDE 6IAC6DD=J 2AAC@G6 E96 4@?DECF4E:@? @7 2?J “3F:=5:?8 @C DECF4EFC6” @? 2?J 7656C2= A2C< :? E96 s:DEC:4E @7 r@=F>3:2]k^Am
k9am$2E:D7J:?8 a DE2EFE6Dk^9am
kAm%96 %CF>A 25>:?:DEC2E:@? 92D A@:?E65 E@ EH@ A@DD:3=6 DE2EFE6D :E D2JD AC@G:56D E96 ?646DD2CJ 2FE9@C:EJ E@ 3F:=5 E96 32==C@@>]k^Am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^FD4@56]9@FD6]8@G^G:6H]I9E>=nC6Bl8C2?F=6:5i&$r\AC6=:>\E:E=6dc\D64E:@?`__`_`Rl_U2>Aj65:E:@?lAC6=:>Qm~?6 :?G@=G6D E96 AFCA@D6Dk^2m 7@C H9:49 E96 }2E:@?2= !2C< $6CG:46 42? DA6?5 :ED 7F?5D[ :?4=F5:?8 AC:G2E6=J 5@?2E65 7F?5D] %96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^FD4@56]9@FD6]8@G^G:6H]I9E>=nC6BlWE:E=6ibTa_D64E:@?i`_dTa_65:E:@?iAC6=:>XQm@E96C 8C2?ED E96 AC6D:56?E E96 23:=:EJ E@ DA6?5 7F?5Dk^2m 7@C[ 2>@?8 @E96C :E6>D[ “E96 42C6[ >2:?E6?2?46[ C6A2:C[ 2=E6C2E:@?[ C67FC?:D9:?8[ ,2?5. :>AC@G6>6?E” @7 E96 6I64FE:G6 C6D:56?46 2E E96 (9:E6 w@FD6 – 7F?5D E92E “2C6 2FE9@C:K65 E@ 36 2AAC@AC:2E65 6249 7:D42= J62C]”k^Am
kAm%96 >2;@C:EJ :? E96 2AA62=D 4@FCE 564:D:@? 6IA=2:?65 E92E 2FE9@C:EJ 7@C E96 AC6D:56?E E@ 4@?DECF4E E96 32==C@@> C6BF:C6D D2E:D7J:?8 3@E9 @7 E9@D6 DE2EFE6Dj ?6:E96C 2=@?6 DF77:46D]k^Am
kAmp?5 :E C6;64E65 E96 C6=:2?46 @? E96 }2E:@?2= !2C< $6CG:46 AC@G:D:@? 2=@?6] %92E DE2EFE6 =:>:ED FD6 @7 E96 D6CG:46’D 7F?5D[ :? E96 H@C5D @7 E96 >2;@C:EJ[ E@ “E96 :56?E:7:65 AFCA@D6D @7 4@?D6CG2E:@? 2?5 AC6D6CG2E:@?]”k^Am
kAmx? A2CE:4F=2C[ E96 >2;@C:EJ CF=65[ E96 AC@G:D:@? 5@6D ?@E 2FE9@C:K6 E96 4@?DECF4E:@? @7 2 ?6H 3F:=5:?8] uFCE96C[ :E 96=5[ E96 }2E:@?2= !2C< $6CG:46 AC@G:D:@? 42??@E 2FE9@C:K6 E96 AC6D:56?E E@ =625 E96 AC@;64Ej @?=J E96 AC@G:D:@? C6=2E65 E@ E96 6I64FE:G6 C6D:56?46 42? 5@ E92E]k^Am
kAmpD E@ E96 6I64FE:G6 C6D:56?46 AC@G:D:@?[ E96 >2;@C:EJ @A:?:@? 6IA=2:?D E92E :E “5@6D ?@E 6IAC6DD=J 8C2?E E96 !C6D:56?E 2?J :?56A6?56?E 2FE9@C:EJ]”k^Am
kAmx?DE625[ E96 >2;@C:EJ 96=5[ E96 AC6D:56?E >FDE C6=J @? “2? 244@>A2?J:?8 2AAC@AC:2E:@?]” %96 4@FCE 7@F?5 ?@ DF49 244@>A2?J:?8 2AAC@AC:2E:@?]k^Am
kAm%96 $FAC6>6 r@FCE >2;@C:EJ[ :? :ED 564:D:@?[ 5:5 ?@E 255C6DD E96 >6C:ED @7 E96 2C8F>6?E] $@ 6G6? 2D E96 42D6 4@?E:?F6D[ E96 CF=:?8 >62?D @AA@?6?ED @7 E96 32==C@@> AC@;64E H:== ?665 E@ 7:?5 D@>6@?6 H9@’D DF776C65 24EF2= 92C> :? @C56C E@ @G6C4@>6 E9:D 9FC5=6]k^Am
kAmk6>mk6>m%9:D :D 2? FA52E65 G6CD:@? @7 2? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^:D\:E\:==682=\7@C\E96\AC6D:56?E\E@\DA6?5\A2EC:@E:4\5@?2E:@?D\@?\2\H9:E6\9@FD6\32==C@@>\@C\2?JE9:?8\6=D6\ah_`_fQm2CE:4=6 @C:8:?2==J AF3=:D965k^2m @? pF8] a_[ a_ae]k^6>mk^6>mk^Am
kAmk6>m%9:D 2CE:4=6 :D C6AF3=:D965 7C@> k2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^FDnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<\_U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ah_ha`Qm%96 r@?G6CD2E:@?k^2m[ 2 ?@?AC@7:E[ :?56A6?56?E ?6HD @C82?:K2E:@? 3C:?8:?8 J@F 724ED 2?5 ECFDEH@CE9J 2?2=JD:D E@ 96=A J@F >2<6 D6?D6 @7 @FC 4@>A=6I H@C=5] xE H2D HC:EE6? 3Ji k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^AC@7:=6D^6==6?\A\2AC:==\daee`fnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?l3J=:?6\=:?<U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ah_ha`Qmt==6? !] pAC:==k^2m[ k6>mk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^:?DE:EFE:@?D^F?:G6CD:EJ\@7\42=:7@C?:2\=@D\2?86=6D\`b_`nFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?l3J=:?6\=:?<U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ah_ha`Qm&?:G6CD:EJ @7 r2=:7@C?:2[ {@D p?86=6Dk^2mk^6>mk^6>mk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m#625 >@C6ik^DEC@?8mk^Am
kF=mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^E96\FD\92D\DECF4<\2\562=\E@\4@?EC@=\G6?6KF6=2D\@:=\C6D6CG6D\:E\AC@323=J\H@?E\96=A\3C:?8\5@H?\7F6=\AC:46D\ah_gcfnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<_U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ah_ha`Qm%96 &$ 92D DECF4< 2 562= E@ 4@?EC@= '6?6KF6=2’D @:= C6D6CG6D] xE AC@323=J H@?’E 96=A 3C:?8 5@H? 7F6= AC:46Dk^2mk^=:mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^D2?4E:@?D\2?5\3@>3D\H@?E\6?5\E96\H2C\:?\:C2?\ECF>A\:D\CF??:?8\@FE\@7\@AE:@?D\282:?DE\2?\:?EC24E23=6\7@6\ah_gdanFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<`U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ah_ha`Qm$2?4E:@?D 2?5 3@>3D H@?’E 6?5 E96 H2C :? xC2?] %CF>A :D CF??:?8 @FE @7 @AE:@?D 282:?DE 2? :?EC24E23=6 7@6k^2mk^=:mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^9@H\E96\ECF>A\25>:?:DEC2E:@?D\:44\D2?4E:@?D\C6G62=\E96\A@H6C\@7\:?E6C?2E:@?2=\=2H\ah_cdanFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<aU2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ah_ha`Qmw@H E96 %CF>A p5>:?:DEC2E:@?’D xrr D2?4E:@?D C6G62= E96 A@H6C @7 :?E6C?2E:@?2= =2Hk^2mk^=:mk^F=m
kA 4=2DDlQ7:?6\AC:?EQmk6>mkDA2?mt==6? !] pAC:== 5@6D ?@E H@C< 7@C[ 4@?DF=E[ @H? D92C6D :? @C C646:G6 7F?5:?8 7C@> 2?J 4@>A2?J @C @C82?:K2E:@? E92E H@F=5 36?67:E 7C@> E9:D 2CE:4=6[ 2?5 92D 5:D4=@D65 ?@ C6=6G2?E 277:=:2E:@?D 36J@?5 E96:C 24256>:4 2AA@:?E>6?E]k^DA2?mk^6>mk^Am
kAmk:>8 DC4lQ9EEADi^^4@F?E6C]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^4@?E6?E^ah_ha`^4@F?E]8:7n5:DEC:3FE@Cl=66Q DEJ=6lQ96:89Ei`AIjH:5E9i`AIjQ 2=ElQQ ^mk^Am
