(BOISE, IDAHO) During the 2026 election cycle, Republicans enacted a series of gerrymanders – a form of partisan redistricting – in a handful of states to give them a disproportionate edge over Democrats in their congressional delegations. Democrats responded with a successful redistricting effort in California and an unsuccessful one in Virginia.
Gerrymandering has obvious implications for fairness and democracy, characterized by some as politicians picking their voters, not voters picking their politicians.
kAm%96C6’D 2=D@ 2 AC24E:42= 4@?D:56C2E:@? 7@C E9@D6 5@:?8 E96 86CCJ>2?56C:?8i %96 677@CED 42? 72:= H96? E96J @G6CA=2J E96:C 92?5]k^Am
kAmqJ DAC625:?8 E96:C DFAA@CE:G6 G@E6CD 24C@DD >2?J 5:DEC:4ED[ A2CE:6D 42? 4C62E6 >@C6 D62ED E92E >2J =62? :? E96:C 5:C64E:@?] qFE :7 DAC625 E@@ E9:?[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^b\C62D@?D\C6AF3=:42?D\C65:DEC:4E:?8\A@H6C\8C23\>:89E\324<7:C6\aeaddbQmE96D6 677@CED 42? 324<7:C6k^2m 2?5 ?6E D62ED 7@C E96 @E96C A2CEJ[ A2CE:4F=2C=J :? 2 “H2G6” 6=64E:@? J62C E92E 72G@CD E96 @E96C A2CEJ] %9:D F?:?E6?565 4@?D6BF6?46 :D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^D:E6D]D@4D4:]F4:]65F^Tft38C@7>2?^`c_Ta_vC@7>2?Ta_2?5Ta_qCF?6==]Ta_Ta_a__dTa_Ta_%96Ta_pCETa_@7Ta_E96Ta_sF>>J>2?56C]]]]A57Qm@7E6? C676CC65 E@ 2D 2 “5F>>J>2?56Ck^2m]”k^Am
kAm$@[ H:E9 DF49 >2DD:G6 s6>@4C2E:4 >2;@C:E:6D A@:D65 E@ 6?E6C E96 `a_E9 r@?8C6DD[ 5:5 #6AF3=:42? 2EE6>AED E@ 86CCJ>2?56C 24EF2==J 6?5 FA 4@DE:?8 E96> D@>6 D62ED :? E96 &]$] w@FD6nk^Am
kAm%96 2?DH6C :D?’E 2D 4=62C\4FE 2D J@F >:89E E9:?<]k^Am
k7:8FC6mk:>8 2=ElQp =2C86 8C@FA @7 A6@A=6 A@D:?8 7@C 2 A9@E@ @? >2DD:G6 DE@?6 DE6AD :? 7C@?E @7 2 3F:=5:?8 H:E9 A:==2CD]Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^:>286D]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^7:=6D^ff`dhh^@C:8:?2=^7:=6\a_ae```a\ec\`>KCJE];A8n:I=:3lC3\c]`]`U2>AjBlcdU2>Aj2FE@l7@C>2EU2>Aj7:El4=:AU2>AjHlfc_Q ^mk7:842AE:@?m}6H=J 6=64E65 >6>36CD @7 E96 &]$] w@FD6 @7 #6AC6D6?E2E:G6D 82E96C @? E96 DE6AD @7 E96 &]$] r2A:E@= :? (2D9:?8E@?[ s]r][ @? }@G] `a[ a_ae] k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]86EEJ:>286D]4@>^56E2:=^?6HD\A9@E@^?6H=J\6=64E65\>6>36CD\@7\E96\FD\9@FD6\@7\C6AC6D6?E2E:G6D\?6HD\A9@E@^ab_cabg_aanA9C2D6l56>@4C2E:4Ta_G:4E@CJTa_a_aeU2>Aj25AA@AFAlECF6Qmy:> (2ED@?^pu! G:2 v6EEJ x>286D G:2 %96 r@?G6CD2E:@?k^2mk^7:842AE:@?mk^7:8FC6m
k9amsF>>J>2?56CD :? }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 2?5 ~9:@nk^9am
kAm#6AF3=:42? DE2E6 =68:D=2EFC6D :? ~9:@ 2?5 }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?4D=]@C8^C65:DEC:4E:?8\2?5\46?DFD^492?8:?8\E96\>2AD\EC24<:?8\>:5\564256\C65:DEC:4E:?8QmC65C6H E96:C 4@?8C6DD:@?2= >2AD :? a_adk^2m[ 4C27E:?8 2 D6E @7 5:DEC:4ED E96J 36=:6G65 H@F=5 >2I:>:K6 E96 ?F>36C @7 D62ED E96J 4@F=5 H:? :? E96 w@FD6]k^Am
kAms6DA:E6 3@E9 DE2E6D 36:?8 EC25:E:@?2==J 4@>A6E:E:G6 :? DE2E6H:56 6=64E:@?D[ E96:C DE2E6 =68:D=2EFC6D 5C6H 2 4@==64E:@? @7 D62ED #6AF3=:42?D 36=:6G65 E96J H@F=5 H:?i `a @7 E96D6 `d ?6H D62ED :? ~9:@ 2?5 `` @FE @7 `c :? }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 :?4=F565 2 >2;@C:EJ @7 G@E6CD H9@ G@E65 7@C s@?2=5 %CF>A :? E96 a_ac AC6D:56?E:2= 6=64E:@?]k^Am
kAmqFE :? a_ae[ s6>@4C2ED 24C@DD E96 4@F?ECJ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]43D?6HD]4@>^?6HD^9@FD6\5:DEC:4ED\7=:AA65\a_ae\>:5E6C>\6=64E:@?D^QmH@? 5@K6?D @7 D62EDk^2m E92E 925 AC6G:@FD=J D66>65 @FE @7 C6249[ :?4=F5:?8 5:DEC:4ED %CF>A H@? 3J 5@F3=6 5:8:ED :? a_ac] |2?J @7 E96D6 D62ED H6C6 :? 962G:=J 86CCJ>2?56C65 #6AF3=:42? D62ED]k^Am
kAmx? ~9:@ 2?5 }@CE9 r2C@=:?2[ E96 D:K6 2?5 D4@A6 @7 E96 >:5E6C> 324<=2D9 282:?DE %CF>A 2?5 9:D A2CEJ AFE >2?J @7 E96 D62ED #6AF3=:42?D E2C86E65 :? E96D6 DE2E6D[ :?4=F5:?8 @?6D %CF>A H@? 3J 2D >2?J 2D a_ A@:?ED[ :? D6C:@FD ;6@A2C5J]k^Am
kAmx? E96 6?5[ E96 s6>@4C2E:4 H2G6 @G6C42>6 D@ >2?J %CF>A\H@? D62ED :? E96D6 DE2E6D E92E E96:C ?6H 56=682E:@?D E@ r@?8C6DD >2J 36 >@C6 s6>@4C2E:4 E92? E96J H@F=5 92G6 366? H:E9@FE E96 86CCJ>2?56CD]k^Am
k9ams6>@4C2ED 96=5 E96 =:?6 :? E96 566A $@FE9k^9am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?AC]@C8^a_ae^``^_c^?I\D`\e_agdgg^C65:DEC:4E:?8\677@CED\72:=65\C6AF3=:42?DQm%6I2D 2?5 u=@C:52 2=D@ E2C86E65 2 D6C:6D @7 s6>@4C2E\96=5 D62EDk^2m E@ 7=:A E96:C H2J :? a_ae] }:?6 DF49 D62ED 24C@DD E96D6 EH@ DE2E6D[ 2D H6== 2D 2 GF=?6C23=6 D62E 96=5 3J s6>@4C2E:4 &]$] #6A] $9@>2C: u:8FC6D :? p=232>2[ H6C6 E96 E2C86ED @7 86CCJ>2?56CD E92E 4C62E65 ?6H 5:DEC:4ED E92E %CF>A H@? :? a_ac[ 2== 3J h A6C46?E286 A@:?ED @C >@C6]k^Am
kAmqFE @?46 E96 a_ae s6>@4C2E:4 H2G6 DH6AE E9C@F89 E96 566A $@FE9[ E96D6 86CCJ>2?56CD H6C6 6DD6?E:2==J 42?46=65 @FE] s6DA:E6 E96 82:?D E96 A2CEJ AC@;64E65[ #6AF3=:42?D :? E96D6 E9C66 DE2E6D 2AA62C =:<6=J E@ 6?E6C E96 `a_E9 r@?8C6DD H:E9 56=682E:@?D E96 D2>6 D:K6 2D E96J 925 :? E96 ``hE9]k^Am
kAm~E96C #6AF3=:42? 86CCJ>2?56C:?8 2EE6>AED H6C6 DF446DD7F=[ 3FE @?=J 32C6=J] x? %6??6DD66’D hE9 s:DEC:4E[ E96 =2DE C6>2:?:?8 s6>@4C2E:4 D62E :? E96 DE2E6 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^D@D]E?]8@G^2??@F?46>6?ED^a_ae\4@?8C6DD:@?2=\C65:DEC:4E:?8QmH2D 86CCJ>2?56C65k^2m :?E@ 2 5:DEC:4E s@?2=5 %CF>A H@? 3J a` A@:?ED :? a_ac] #6AF3=:42?D 5:5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?JE:>6D]4@>^:?E6C24E:G6^a_ae^``^_b^FD^6=64E:@?D^C6DF=ED\E6??6DD66\FD\9@FD6\h]9E>=Qm9@=5 E92E D62Ek^2m 2D 6IA64E65[ 3FE @?=J 3J a[d__ G@E6D[ @C ;FDE @G6C ` A6C46?E286 A@:?E]k^Am
k9amv6CCJ>2?56CD E92E H@C<65 – 2?5 5:5?’Ek^9am
kAm|2?J @7 E96D6 86CCJ>2?56CD H6C6 ?@E >2I:>2==J DF446DD7F=] qFE H6C6 E96J ECF6 5F>>J>2?56CDnk^Am
kAmx? }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 2?5 ~9:@ :E 5@6D 2AA62C E92E #6AF3=:42?D @G6CA=2J65 E96:C 92?5 3J 4@F?E:?8 @? A2DE %CF>A G@E6CD :? 2 ?2E:@?2= 6?G:C@?>6?E E92E AC@G65 D@ 72G@C23=6 E@ E96 s6>@4C2ED]k^Am
kAmx? ~9:@[ 2 86CCJ>2?56C E92E 2:>65 7@C 2 EH@\E9:C5D #6AF3=:42? >2;@C:EJ :? E96:C w@FD6 56=682E:@? H:== ?6E E96> k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]H@DF]@C8^A@=:E:4D\8@G6C?>6?E^a_ae\``\_c^@9:@\56>@4C2ED\@G6C4@>6\4@?8C6DD:@?2=\86CCJ>2?56C:?8\=:<6=J\7=:AA:?8\E9C66\D62EDQm=6DD E92? 92=7 @7 E92E :? E96 `a_E9 r@?8C6DDk^2m] %92E @FE4@>6 6?565 FA AC@5F4:?8 2 >@C6 C6AC6D6?E2E:G6 C6DF=E[ @?6 E92E H2D C@F89=J :? =:?6 H:E9 E96 EH@ A2CE:6D’ a_ae A@AF=2C G@E6 D92C6D :? E96 DE2E6]k^Am
kAm}@CE9 r2C@=:?2 H2D 2 >@C6 5C2DE:4 5F>>J>2?56Ci %96 #6AF3=:42?D 2:>65 E@ 56D:8? 5:DEC:4ED H96C6 E96J H@F=5 H:? D62ED 244@F?E:?8 7@C 2=>@DE EH@\E9:C5D @7 E96:C 4@?8C6DD:@?2= 56=682E:@?] qFE E96 A2CEJ :D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^42C@=:?2AF3=:4AC6DD]@C8^gah__^8@A\86CCJ>2?56C\324<7:C6D\:?\?4\2D\DE2E6D\4@?8C6DD:@?2=\>2A\8@6D\3=F6^Qm4FCC6?E=J A@:D65 E@ 9@=5k^2m[ 2E 36DE[ =6DD E92? @?6\E9:C5 @7 E96:C DE2E6’D D62ED]k^Am
kAmp?5 r2=:7@C?:2[ H9:49 s6>@4C2ED 86CCJ>2?56C65 :? C624E:@? E@ #6AF3=:42? 677@CED :? @E96C DE2E6D[ :D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^42=>2EE6CD]@C8^?6HD=6EE6C^42=:7@C?:2\>:5E6C>\86CCJ>2?56C^Qm2 A2CE:D2? DF446DD DE@CJk^2m] %96 DE2E6 :D AC@;64E65 E@ D6?5 @?=J gT @7 E96:C 56=682E:@? E@ E96 w@FD6 2D #6AF3=:42?D[ 56DA:E6 G@E:?8 b_T 7@C #6AF3=:42?D DE2E6H:56]k^Am
kAmk:7C2>6 E:E=6lQr@>A2C:?8 #6AF3=:42? A@AF=2C G@E6D 2?5 4@?8C6DD:@?2= 56=682E:@?D :? 86CCJ>2?56C65 DE2E6DQ 2C:2\=236=lQvC@FA65 4@=F>? 492CEQ :5lQ52E2HC2AA6C\492CE\_3EH$Q DC4lQ9EEADi^^52E2HC2AA6C]5H45?]?6E^_3EH$^`^Q D4C@==:?8lQ?@Q 7C2>63@C56ClQ_Q DEJ=6lQ3@C56Ci ?@?6jQ H:5E9lQ`__TQ 96:89ElQdhfQ ?2>6lQ52E2HC2AA6C\492CE\_3EH$Qmk^:7C2>6mk^Am
kAmx? %6I2D 2?5 u=@C:52 E96 DE@CJ :D >@C6 4@>A=:42E65] s6>@4C2ED :? E9@D6 DE2E6D C6E2:?65 >@DE @7 E96 D62ED E96J 96=5 E92E E96:C #6AF3=:42? =68:D=2EFC6D E2C86E65 :? E96:C 86CCJ>2?56CD[ E92?<D E@ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]A3D]@C8^?6HD9@FC^A@=:E:4D^=2E:?@\G@E6CD\AC@A6=\56>@4C2ED\E@\3:8\H:?D\H:E9\=67EH2C5\DH:?8Qm9:DE@C:4 D9:7ED 3J w:DA2?:4 G@E6CDk^2m H9@ 925 G@E65 7@C %CF>A :? E96 a_ac 6=64E:@?]k^Am
kAmqFE 86CCJ>2?56CD 42? 36 67764E:G6 36J@?5 >2C8:?2=[ E2C86E65 5:DEC:4ED] %2<6? 2D 2 H9@=6[ %6I2D’ 2?5 u=@C:52’D 5:DEC:4E 3@F?52C:6D H6C6 5C2H? D@ 72G@C23=J 7@C #6AF3=:42?D E92E 6G6? 2 s6>@4C2E:4 EDF?2>: >2?2865 @?=J E@ <66A E96D6 DE2E6D’ 56=682E:@?D :56?E:42= :? E96 ?6IE r@?8C6DD[ D:?46 >2?J @E96C 5:DEC:4ED C6>2:?65 D276 7@C #6AF3=:42?D]k^Am
kAmx? E96D6 DE2E6D[ #6AF3=:42?D DE:== 6?;@J 2 8C62E6C AC@A@CE:@? @7 w@FD6 D62ED E92? E96:C A@AF=2C G@E6 >2C8:?D H@F=5 C67=64E] p?5 :? 2 =6DD s6>@4C2E\=62?:?8 6=64E:@? 4J4=6[ >2?J @7 E96D6 86CCJ>2?56C65 D62ED 4@F=5 G6CJ H6== D9:7E 324< E@H2C5 #6AF3=:42?D]k^Am
k9amu2:=65 v~! 86CCJ>2?56CD H@F=5 92G6 AC@5F465 2? 6G6? 3:886C 3=F6 H2G6k^9am
kAmpD A@@C 2D E96 @FE4@>6 @7 E96 a_ae >:5E6C>D H2D 7@C #6AF3=:42?D[ :E 4@F=5 92G6 366? 6G6? H@CD6] x? 724E[ D@>6 #6AF3=:42? DE2E6D >:89E 4@F?E E96>D6=G6D =F4<J E92E E96:C 2EE6>AED E@ 86CCJ>2?56C 72:=65 :? E96 =625\FA E@ E96 >:5E6C>D]k^Am
kAmx? EC25:E:@?2==J #6AF3=:42? DE2E6D DF49 2D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^DE2E64@FCEC6A@CE]@C8^@FC\H@C<^2?2=JD:D\@A:?:@?^492@D\>:DD@FC:D\C65:DEC:4E:?8\=:E:82E:@?Qm|:DD@FC:k^2m 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^C65:DEC:4E:?8]==D]65F^42D6^=HG\@7\FE29\G\FE29\DE2E6\=68:D=2EFC6^Qm&E29k^2m[ 4@FCED DECF4< 5@H? 86CCJ>2?56CD E92E H@F=5 92G6 4C62E65 2 D6C:6D @7 5:DEC:4ED E92E k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^32==@EA65:2]@C8^#65:DEC:4E:?80:?0|:DD@FC:0296250@70E960a_ae06=64E:@?DQm%CF>A H@?k^2m 3J 2C@F?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^32==@EA65:2]@C8^#65:DEC:4E:?80:?0&E290296250@70E960a_ae06=64E:@?DQma_ A6C46?E286 A@:?EDk^2m] x7 E96 86CCJ>2?56CD 925 ?@E 366? DECF4< 5@H?[ s6>@4C2ED’ D9@4<:?8 DF446DD :? D:>:=2C 5:DEC:4ED 24C@DD E96 4@F?ECJ 4@F=5 92G6 ?6EE65 E96> 2D >2?J 2D 7:G6 255:E:@?2= D62ED :? E96D6 DE2E6D]k^Am
kAmp D:>:=2C D:EF2E:@? A=2J65 @FE :? k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]43D?6HD]4@>^?6HD^:?5:2?2\C65:DEC:4E:?8\G@E6\72:=D\D6?2E6\ECF>A^Qmx?5:2?2k^2m 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?AC]@C8^a_ae^_d^ae^?I\D`\dgb`hhe^C65:DEC:4E:?8\>:5E6C>D\ECF>A\D@FE9\42C@=:?2Qm$@FE9 r2C@=:?2k^2m] }6H >2AD AFD965 3J %CF>A E92E 72:=65 :? E96:C DE2E6 =68:D=2EFC6D H6C6 :?E6?565 E@ AC@5F46 6G6? >@C6 =@AD:565 #6AF3=:42? 82:?D] qFE k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]4@@<A@=:E:42=]4@>^2?2=JD:D^9@FD6^9@FD6\@G6CG:6H^4@F=5\3=F6\H2G6\5C@H?\@FE\>:5\564256\C65:DEC:4E:?8Qm2?2=JD:D 7C@> E96 r@@< !@=:E:42= #6A@CEk^2m 7@F?5 E92E E96D6 >2AD >:89E 92G6 ?6EE65 s6>@4C2ED 2D >2?J 2D D:I @FE @7 $@FE9 r2C@=:?2’D D6G6? w@FD6 D62ED[ 2?5 6:89E @FE @7 x?5:2?2’D ?:?6] x?DE625[ s6>@4C2ED D66> =:<6=J E@ 6?5 FA H:E9 @?=J 2 A2:C @7 D62ED :? 6249 DE2E6]k^Am
k9am(92E’D ?6IE :? 86CCJ>2?56C:?8 H2CDnk^9am
kAm%96 a_ae 6=64E:@? 4J4=6 56>@?DEC2E6D E92E 86CCJ>2?56C:?8 :D 2 72C >@C6 4@>A=6I 2?5 5J?2>:4 AC@A@D:E:@? E92? :E :D @7E6? EC62E65 3J AF?5:ED 2?5 A2CE:6D]k^Am
kAm(2G6 6=64E:@?D @7 E9:D D:K6 42? @7E6? @G6C4@>6 E96 :?E6?565 67764ED @7 86CCJ>2?56C65 >2AD[ 3FE DF3D6BF6?E 6=64E:@?D >:89E 7:?5 E96> >F49 >@C6 67764E:G6] !=FD[ A2CE:6D @7E6? 5C2H 86CCJ>2?56C65 >2AD 32D65 @? E96 AC6G:@FD 6=64E:@?’D AC6D:56?E:2= C6DF=ED – 2 >62DFC6 E92E >2J 36 =6DD C6=:23=6 2D G@E6CD 4@?E:?F6 E@ >2<6 >@C6 F?6IA64E65 49@:46D]k^Am
kAm|@C6@G6C[ 3@E9 C65 2?5 3=F6 DE2E6D 2C6 562=:?8 H:E9 E96 27E6C>2E9 @7 E96 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^4@?DE:EFE:@?46?E6C]@C8^3=@8^E96\DFAC6>6\4@FCED\42==2:D\564:D:@?\D6ED\?6H\7C2>6H@C<\7@C\C24:2=\86CCJ>2?56C:?8Qm{@F:D:2?2 G] r2==2:D $FAC6>6 r@FCE 564:D:@?k^2m[ H9:49 >256 E96 86CCJ>2?56C:?8 @7 C24:2= 8C@FAD 62D:6C E@ 5@ H:E9@FE 4@FCE :?E6CG6?E:@?D] ~G6C E96 ?6IE EH@ J62CD[ #6AF3=:42?D >2J 2EE6>AE E@ :>A=6>6?E 6G6? >@C6 ?6H >2AD :? >2?J ?6H DE2E6D[ A2CE:4F=2C=J :? E96 $@FE9] %9@D6 ?6H 5:DEC:4ED H:== =:<6=J 2:> E@ 5:=FE6 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]9<D]92CG2C5]65F^724F=EJ\C6D62C49^A@=:4J\E@A:4D^72:C?6DD\;FDE:46^H92E\=@F:D:2?2\G\42==2:D\>62?D\G@E:?8\C:89ED\24EQm>2;@C:EJ\q=24< 5:DEC:4EDk^2m E92E 2C6 ?@ =@?86C AC@E64E65 3J E96 '@E:?8 #:89ED p4E]k^Am
kAm|62?H9:=6[ s6>@4C2E:4 DE2E6 8@G6C?>6?ED k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]E963F=H2C<]4@>^A^56>@4C2E\?@E\324<:?8\@77\E96:C\@H?\C65:DEC:4E:?8\AFD9\27E6C\a_ae\>:5E6C>DQm2AA62C A@:D65 E@ 4@?E:?F6k^2m H:E9 E96:C AFD9324< 282:?DE =2DE 4J4=6’D #6AF3=:42? 677@CED H:E9 86CCJ>2?56CD @7 E96:C @H? @G6C E96 ?6IE EH@ J62CD]k^Am
kAmqFE E96 #6AF3=:42? C65:DEC:4E:?8 72:=FC6D @7 E96 a_ae 4J4=6[ :?4=F5:?8 E96:C ?62C >:DD6D[ D9@F=5 >2<6 3@E9 A2CE:6D 42FE:@FD 23@FE 7FEFC6 2EE6>AED]k^Am
kAmk6>m%9:D 2CE:4=6 :D C6AF3=:D965 7C@> k2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^FDnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<\_U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ahdhccQm%96 r@?G6CD2E:@?k^2m[ 2 ?@?AC@7:E[ :?56A6?56?E ?6HD @C82?:K2E:@? 3C:?8:?8 J@F 724ED 2?5 ECFDEH@CE9J 2?2=JD:D E@ 96=A J@F >2<6 D6?D6 @7 @FC 4@>A=6I H@C=5] xE H2D HC:EE6? 3Ji kDA2?mk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^AC@7:=6D^492C=:6\9F?E\`becbh`nFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?l3J=:?6\=:?<U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ahdhccQmr92C=:6 wF?Ek^2m[ k6>mk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^:?DE:EFE:@?D^3@:D6\DE2E6\F?:G6CD:EJ\`hgbnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?l3J=:?6\=:?<U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ahdhccQmq@:D6 $E2E6 &?:G6CD:EJk^2mk^6>mk^DA2?mk^6>mk^Am
kAmkDEC@?8m#625 >@C6ik^DEC@?8mk^Am
kF=mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^b\C62D@?D\C6AF3=:42?D\C65:DEC:4E:?8\A@H6C\8C23\>:89E\324<7:C6\aeaddbnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<_U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ahdhccQmb C62D@?D #6AF3=:42?D’ C65:DEC:4E:?8 A@H6C 8C23 >:89E 324<7:C6k^2mk^=:mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^E:E\7@C\E2E\86CCJ>2?56C:?8\H2CD\H@?E\6?5\D@@?\H92E\92AA6?D\:?\E6I2D\2?5\42=:7@C?:2\5@6D?E\DE2J\E96C6\aeagbdnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<`U2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ahdhccQm%:E‑7@C‑E2E 86CCJ>2?56C:?8 H2CD H@?’E 6?5 D@@? – H92E 92AA6?D :? %6I2D 2?5 r2=:7@C?:2 5@6D?’E DE2J E96C6k^2mk^=:mk=:mk2 9C67lQ9EEAi^^E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^9@H\E9:D\4J4=6\@7\C65:DEC:4E:?8\:D\>2<:?8\86CCJ>2?56C65\4@?8C6DD:@?2=\5:DEC:4ED\6G6?\D276C\2?5\F?56C>:?:?8\>2;@C:EJ\CF=6\`fb`_bnFE>0D@FC46l{66U2>AjFE>0>65:F>lC6=2E65\=:?<U2>AjFE>042>A2:8?lC6=2E65\=:?<aU2>AjFE>04@?E6?El2CE:4=6\ahdhccQmw@H E9:D 4J4=6 @7 C65:DEC:4E:?8 :D >2<:?8 86CCJ>2?56C65 4@?8C6DD:@?2= 5:DEC:4ED 6G6? D276C 2?5 F?56C>:?:?8 >2;@C:EJ CF=6k^2mk^=:mk^F=m
kA 4=2DDlQ7:?6\AC:?EQmk6>mkDA2?mr92C=:6 wF?E 5@6D ?@E H@C< 7@C[ 4@?DF=E[ @H? D92C6D :? @C C646:G6 7F?5:?8 7C@> 2?J 4@>A2?J @C @C82?:K2E:@? E92E H@F=5 36?67:E 7C@> E9:D 2CE:4=6[ 2?5 92D 5:D4=@D65 ?@ C6=6G2?E 277:=:2E:@?D 36J@?5 E96:C 24256>:4 2AA@:?E>6?E]k^DA2?mk^6>mk^Am
kAmk:>8 DC4lQ9EEADi^^4@F?E6C]E964@?G6CD2E:@?]4@>^4@?E6?E^ahdhcc^4@F?E]8:7n5:DEC:3FE@Cl=66Q DEJ=6lQ96:89Ei`AIjH:5E9i`AIjQ 2=ElQQ ^mk^Am